基于MIKE SHE分布式水文模型的降水时间尺度对喀斯特流域径流模拟的影响研究——以红水河系六硐河流域为例  

Research on the impact on runoff by time-scale of the precipitation in karst basin in view of MIKE SHE model:A case in Liudong river of the Hongshuihe system

作　　者：李静[1,2] 焦树林[1] 梁虹[1,2] 向征[3] 向尚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州省山地遥感应用重点实验室,贵州贵阳550001 [3]中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2012年第4期388-394,共7页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合(2009)2251);贵州师范大学博士科研项目;贵州省高层次人才特助基金(TZJF(2009)25);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(210201)

摘　　要：径流形成是流域系统对降水水文响应的结果,其实质也是流域对降水时间和空间上的重新分配。降水作为径流模拟中最大的不确定因素之一,其时空分布特征是影响径流模拟及一系列其它水文问题的主要控制因素。为了探索喀斯特流域降水时间尺度对径流的影响规律,本研究利用MIKE SHE模拟技术,结合喀斯特流域独特的地质、地貌、覆被类型及水文特征,对模型的相关参数进行率定,模拟了5场典型洪水的降水径流过程。并且通过改变降水资料的时间尺度,研究降水时间变异对模拟洪水过程的影响。研究表明,在相同的流域下垫面和模型条件下,若累计降水时间增加,同样数量的降水产生的径流总量也会增加,最大的流量出现时间也相对滞后。Runoff is the outcome of hydrological response to precipitation by river basin system. The essence is that the precipitation is reallocated spatially and temporally within the basin. As one of the greatest uncer- tainties, spatial and temporal characteristics of precipitation are the main factor that affects the runoff model- ing and the other hydrological problems. To research the impact on runoff by precipitation time-scale in karst basin, MIKE SHE is applied to five floods in a typical karst basin, and the correlative parameter of the MIKE SHE is selected and calibrated in combine with the unique landforms and hydrological characteristics in the karst basin in this paper. Moreover, in order to study the impact on flood modeling process by varia- tion in precipitation time, the time-scale of precipitation data is changed in this research. The result shows that runoff will increase and flood peak will delay with the increase in temporal scale.

关 键 词：MIKE SHE分布式水文模型 时间尺度 径流模拟 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]