沟垄集雨对紫花苜蓿和裸燕麦出苗及土壤贮水量的影响  

Effects of rainwater harvesting planting with ridges and furrow on number of plant and soil water storage of alfalfa and naked oat

作　　者：霍海丽[1] 王琦[1,2] 张恩和[3] 师尚礼[1] 任祥[1] 王田涛[3] 刘青林[3] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室和青藏高原冰冻圈观测试验研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [3]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2012年第6期1-6,共6页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41161090);国家牧草产业技术体系项目(CARS-35)资助

摘　　要：采用沟垄覆膜集雨种植紫花苜蓿和裸燕麦,测定不同沟垄比和不同垄覆盖材料对植物土壤贮水量和出苗数的影响。结果表明,沟中土壤贮水量随沟垄比增加而增加。普通地膜、可降解地膜和自然降水形成的土壤结皮具有减少土壤蒸发的作用,从而提高土壤贮水量。2012年5月7日紫花苜蓿出苗期测定结果显示,普通膜垄、可降解膜垄和土垄种植紫花苜蓿的土壤贮水量比平作分别提高为77,61和38mm。2012年4月27日裸燕麦出苗期测定结果显示,普通膜垄、可降解膜垄和土垄种植裸燕麦的土壤贮水量比平作分别提高102,83和61mm。普通地膜、可降解地膜和土垄处理提高了土壤含水量,从而提高裸燕麦株数;普通膜垄、可降解膜垄和土垄的裸燕麦株数比平作分别提高47,37和11株/m2。但高强度集雨不一定利于紫花苜蓿发芽,平作土壤含水量分布均匀,更有利于紫花苜蓿发芽。It is low annual precipitation, dry climate and high evaporation in semiarid areas of the Loess Plat eau. The number of plant was low due to the semiarid climate. The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different coverage materials and ratios of furrow to ridge on emergence rate and soil water storage of alfalfa and naked oat, using rainfall harvest zones and furrows serve as planting zones. lng Th ridge to furrow,and ridges covered with ord and increased soil water storage in 120 cm d water storag biodegradabl technique with ridges and furrows, and ridges serve as runoff e results showed that soil water storage increased with ratio of mary epth. plastic film and with biodegradable film reduced evaporation Compared with traditional planting, on May 7,2012, the soil e of alfalfa were 77,61 and 38 mm in ridges covered with ordinary plastic film, ridges covered with e film and ridges compacted with soil, respectively. Compared with traditional planting, on April 27,2012,the soil water storage of naked oat were 102,83 and 61 mm in ridges covered with ordinary plastic film,ridges covered with biodegradable film and ridges compacted with soil, respectively. The ridge covered with ordinary plastic film and the ridge covered with biodegradable film enhances soil water content, and high soil water content was good for naked oat seed germination. Compared with traditional planting, the increases of plants were 47,37 and 11 （plant m-2） in ridges covered with ordinary plastic film, ridges covered with biode- gradable film and ridges compacted with soil. But high soil water was not good for alfalfa seed germination.

关 键 词：沟垄集雨 紫花苜蓿 裸燕麦 出苗数 土壤贮水量 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学] S541