应用超声波技术处理污泥的现状分析  

Application of ultrasonic wave in excess sludge treatment

作　　者：由美雁[1] 陈传政[1] 罗武辉[2] 朱彤[1] 韩进[1] 李琦[3] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁沈阳110004 [2]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110004 [3]东北大学理学院,辽宁沈阳110004

出　　处：《节能》2012年第12期4-7,2,共4页Energy Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(项目编号:51178098;21107011)

摘　　要：污水处理过程中产生大量的污泥,这些污泥的含水量高,并含有大量的微生物和病原体,需要进行有效的处理处置。简述了超声波作用于污泥的机理:通过超声空化作用产生的强有力水流喷射的剪切力对污泥发生作用;总结了超声波在污泥处理中的应用情况。重点阐述了超声波能促进污泥脱水,即超声能产生一种海绵效应使水分子更易在波面的通道传播,超声破坏菌胶团使内部水释放出来;超声波能促进污泥消化,缩短污泥发酵时间并能提高沼气的产率以及超声波能破解污泥等的研究状况。The large amount of excess sludge which was generated in the wastewater treatment process is with high moisture content and contains a lot of micro-organisms and pathogens, so treatment and disposal of excess sludge is required accordingly. Ultrasonic excess sludge treatment technology, with simple equipment and fast performance but without secondary contamination, has been focused more and more deeply home and abroad. So the application of ultrasonic wave in the excess sludge treatment was reviewed. The mechanism of ultrasonic treatment was introduced briefly, that is, the sludge was treated mainly by the strong shear force which generated by the water injection of ultrasonic cavitation effect. And the dewater performance of the treated sludge by ultrasonic wave could be promoted, because a sponge effect could be produced by ultrasonic wave, which made water molecules transfer through the wave surface channel much more easily. So the water inside the zoogloea was released after the zoogloea was destroyed by the ultrasonic wave. Furthermore, the digestion performance of the ultrasonically treated water was promoted as well, so the sludge fermentation time could be decreased and the yield of the methane could be increased,and ultrasound can crack the sludge to the study situation.

关 键 词：超声波 污泥脱水 污泥破解 污泥消化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]