企鹅珍珠贝一体两用育珠技术试验研究  

Experiment on Pearl Production of Pearl Oyster Pteria penguin

作　　者：谢绍河[1,2] 邓陈茂[1] 梁飞龙[1] 符韶[1] 林伟财 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学珍珠研究所,广东湛江524025 [2]广东绍河珍珠有限公司,广东汕头515822

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2012年第6期33-38,共6页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2009B090300161)

摘　　要：2009年3月至2010年10月进行企鹅珍珠贝游离珍珠植核手术,6个月后进行附壳造型珍珠再植核手术,附壳珍珠养殖育珠时间12个月,游离珍珠18个月。结果表明:经过术前麻醉处理的珍珠贝容易开口,方便植核手术,提高作业效率;使用特制可调式送核针可以达到核片同送,减轻手术创伤;附壳珍珠培育实验组成活率、商品珠率分别为(82.2±2.6)%与(69.9±4.7)%,比对照组分别提高了11.5%和18.6%(p值<0.05);游离珍珠培育实验组对照组的成活率、留核率与商品珠率分别为(31.8±1.9)%、(20.0±1.5)%与(38.8±2.6)%,实验组留核率与商品珠率比对照组分别提高了10.9%和13.4%;对企鹅珍珠育珠贝进行一体两用技术育珠试验,企鹅珍珠贝适合培育附壳造型珍珠,但不适合培育游离珍珠。Nucleus implantation operation of pearl oyster Pteria penguin was carried out in March 2009, and the mould-nucleus was adhered to the inner nacreous surface of pearl oyster shell after nucleus implantation of 6 months. The culturing time was 18 months for round pearls and 12 months for the blister pearls. The results showed that the nucleus implantation were easily performed by pre-operative anaesthetize, and the efficiency increased. The damage caused by implantation operation was able to be minimized by using special adjustable nucleus lifter. Survival and commercial pearl rates of experimental groups for blister pearl production were （ 82.2± 2.6） % and （69.9 ± 4.7） %, respectively. Survival and commercial pearl rates of experimental groups were 11.5% and 18.6% higher than the control oysters respectively. Survival, retention and commercial pearl rates of the experimental groups for nucleated pearl production were （31.8 ± 1.9） % and （20.0 ± 1.5） % and （38.8 ± 2.6） %, respectively. Survival and commercial pearl rates of experimental groups were 10.9% and 13.4% higher than the control. Our results indicated that pearl oyster P. penguin should be suitable for blister pearls and not for nucleated pearls.

关 键 词：企鹅珍珠贝 术前麻醉 一体两用 珍珠培育 

分 类 号：S968.35[农业科学—水产养殖]