莫高窟第98窟是一忏法道场  

Mogao Cave 98 Should Be Considered a Monastery for Confessional Rituals

作　　者：刘永增[1] 陈菊霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院考古研究所,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2012年第6期29-40,共12页Dunhuang Research

摘　　要：莫高窟第98窟是归义军节度使曹议金的功德窟。该窟窟顶四披绘制了约700身千佛,每身千佛都有对应的榜题。通过抄录和核查这些千佛榜题,笔者发现,第98窟窟顶四披的千佛名应出自敦煌本《佛说贤劫千佛名经》,其底稿应与S.6485《佛说贤劫千佛名经》类同。窟顶四披上方画十方诸佛赴会图,并有"奉请(十方佛)……来居此窟"之题记;窟顶四角绘有四天王像,也有"谨请(天王)……来降此窟"之题记,参照传世佛教忏法典籍和一些敦煌礼忏文的"启请"仪式,笔者认为,第98窟应该是一个忏法道场。Mogao Cave 98 was patronized by Cao Yijin, governor of the Return-to-Allegiance Army. There are about 700 images of Buddhas on the four slopes of the ceiling, each having a colophon. By transcribing and examining these colophons, the authors discover that the names of the thousand Buddhas on the four slopes should derive from the Sutra on the Names of the Thousand Buddhas of the Bhadra Kalpa. Its draft should be similar with S.6485. There paintings on the four slopes show the scene of the Buddhas from ten directions attending the assembly with colophons which read ＂inviting （Buddhas of the ten directions） to take abode in this cave;＂ and the four comers present the images of the four heavenly kings with colophons reading ＂inviting （heavenly kings） to descend to this cave.＂ By consulting Buddhist canons as well as some Dunhuang documents on confession rituals, the authors come to the conclusion that cave 98 should be considered a Buddhist Monastery for confessional rituals.

关 键 词：第98窟 窟顶四披 《佛说贤劫千佛名经》 道场 

分 类 号：B948[哲学宗教—宗教学] K879.21[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]