南太湖流域控释包膜尿素对水稻产量及稻田氮素流失的影响  

Effects of Controlled-release Coated Urea on Nitrogen Loss of Rice Fields and Rice Grain Yield in the Southern Region of Taihu Lake

作　　者：杨春蕾[1,2] 袁玲[1,2] 李英才[1,2] 梁新强[3] 吴良欢[1,2] 陈宏坤 

机构地区：[1]教育部环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室 浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江省亚热带土壤与植物营养重点实验室 浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310058 [3]浙江大学环境与资源学院环境工程系,浙江杭州3100584 [4]国家缓控释肥工程技术研究中心,山东临沂276700

出　　处：《土壤通报》2013年第1期184-190,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：“十一五”国家水专项(2008ZX07101-006);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD11B01;2011BAD11B02);国家自然科学青年基金项目(40901142);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003016);浙江省“三农五方”科技协作计划资助

摘　　要：通过研究控释包膜尿素(硫磺加树脂包膜尿素SPCU、树脂包膜尿素PCU、硫磺包膜尿素SCU)和普通尿素PU对水稻产量和稻田水体氮含量的影响,为水稻氮素减控施肥技术提供依据。结果表明,等氮条件下,不同氮肥品种对稻田田面水和地下水氮影响较大,与普通尿素(PU)处理相比,SPCU处理可以显著降低水稻灌浆期之前田面水和地下水总氮、氨氮及硝氮的浓度;三种控释肥处理下水稻的产量均比PU处理高,其中SPCU处理最高,比PU处理增产19.7%;SPCU处理的氮肥利用率高达40%,比PU处理高75.4个百分点。因此,从氮肥利用率及环境安全角度出发,SPCU是水稻生产中比较理想的氮素肥料。This experiment investigated the effects of controlled release coated urea on rice production and water nitrogen concentration of rice fields, trying to develop a key technology on reduction and control of nitrogen emission in fertilization. The results showed that water quality would be significandy affected by the type of the fertilizers. Before the grain-filling stage of the rice, the application of SPCU （sulfur- polyester resin-coated urea） could significantly reduce the concentration of the total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the surface runoff and groundwater, compared to PU （prilled urea）. A higher grain yield was obtained when controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer was ap plied. The highest grain yield occurred after SPCU application, which was 19.7% higher than that in PU fertilizing. The nitrogen use efficiency of SPCU was 40%, which showed 75.4% of increment compared to that of PU. Hence, both economic and environmental benefits could be satisfied by the utilization of SPCU.

关 键 词：控释包膜尿素 农业面源污染 氮流失 产量 水稻 

分 类 号：S147[农业科学—肥料学] X531[农业科学—农业基础科学]