绝缘子人工污秽试验加压方式的比较  

Comparison of On-load Voltage Methods in Artificial Contamination Test for Insulators

作　　者：张楚岩[1] 张福增[2] 李锐海[2] 马仪 王黎明[1] 关志成[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学深圳研究生院,深圳518055 [2]中国南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司,广州510623 [3]云南电力试验研究院,昆明650031

出　　处：《高电压技术》2013年第1期44-53,共10页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：高等学校科技创新工程重大项目培育资金项目(707053);国家自然科学基金(50907050)~~

摘　　要：为比较恒压升降法和均匀升压法对绝缘子污闪试验结果的影响,并补充和完善高海拔地区绝缘子外绝缘特性的研究内容,在实际高海拔条件下完成了大量的人工污秽闪络试验。试品包括3种不同型号的大吨位瓷绝缘子(XWP-300、XHP2-300以及XZP-300)及2种不同伞裙结构的长串复合绝缘子,分别在交、直流电压采用均匀升压法和恒压升降法2种加压方法进行试验。试验结果表明:在2种电压下,利用均匀升压法得到的绝缘子污闪电压普遍高于恒压升降法的结果;交流电压下,瓷绝缘子在均匀升压法下得到的污闪电压结果比恒压升降法所得结果平均高出约11%,而复合绝缘子在不同加压方式下的污闪电压受盐密的影响与其伞形结构有关;直流电压下,2种加压方式下所得试验结果之间没有统一的规律,因此不易进行简单的相互修正计算;造成2种加压方式下所得试验结果差异的原因主要是由于试验过程中绝缘子的表面状态及放电特性不同。上述结论可为不同研究单位所得试验结果间的对比以及复合绝缘子人工污秽试验标准的确立提供参考。To compare the influences of rise-voltage method and up-and-down method on results of artificial contamination test for insulators,and to enrich content of researches on insulators＇ external insulation,multiple insulator tests were performed in natural high altitude（2 100 m） area.Test specimen insulators include three large tonnage porcelain insulators with different types,XWP-300kN and XHP2-300 for AC system,XZP-300 for DC system and two long-string composite insulators with different shed configurations,and artificial contamination tests were performed under both AC and DC voltage using the two methods,respectively.Test results indicate that the pollution flashover voltage obtained by rise-voltage method is generally higher than that of up-and-down method under both AC and DC voltage;under AC voltage,the difference is around 11% for porcelain insulators,but for composite insulators,the relationship between flashover voltage and salt density is also influenced by the insulator shed configuration.For DC tests on composite insulators,no regular differences exist between the flashover voltages,so the correction between them is unsuited.Further analyses show that the differences in results between these two methods are mainly due to the differences of surface condition of the test insulators during the test process.This work can provide experimental support and references for the comparison of test results from different researchers and establishment of artificial contamination test standard for composite insulators.

关 键 词：人工污秽试验 加压方式 大吨位瓷绝缘子 复合绝缘子 污闪电压 伞形结构 高海拔地区 盐密 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]