大气O_3浓度升高对毛竹光合生理的影响  

Impacts of elevated atmospheric ozone concentration on the photosynthetic physiology of Phyllostachys edulis

作　　者：李迎春[1] 李应[1,2] 陈双林[1] 庄明浩[1] 郭子武[1] 杨清平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江富阳311400 [2]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第2期344-350,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(RISF6915);国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201004008);浙江省省院合作项目(2010SY01)资助

摘　　要：以毛竹(phyllostachys edulis)为试材,运用开顶式气室(OTCs)模拟了4个大气O3浓度情景,分别为CF(背景大气经活性炭过滤后的处理,22～25nL·L-1)、NF(直接将背景大气输入气室内,40～45nL·L-1)、T1(O3平均浓度100nL·L-1,92～106nL·L-1)、T2(O3平均浓度150nL·L-1,142～160nL·L-1),分析大气O3浓度对毛竹叶片光合色素、气体交换参数、光合参数的影响。结果表明:不同浓度O3处理的毛竹叶片Pn和Tr日变化均呈单峰型,随着O3浓度的升高,叶片Gs、Ci、Ls日变化规律趋于简单,WUE变化趋于平缓。与环境背景大气比较,高浓度O3(≥100nL·L-1)条件下叶片Pn、Ls、WUE日均值和Chl、Chl-a、Chl-b和Car含量均显著降低,Gs、Tr日均值显著提高,但对Ci日均值及叶片光合色素组成影响并不明显。T1、T2处理下,毛竹的Pn、Tr与PPED、VpdL、Tair、Ca和RH环境因子间均呈显著或极显著相关,Gs与PPED无显著相关,而与VpdL、Tair、Ca和RH环境因子间均呈显著或极显著相关。研究表明:O3浓度100、150nL·L-1时分别会造成毛竹叶片发生气孔、非气孔限制,气孔对环境条件的反应变得不敏感,影响了正常的调节反馈机制,增加了水分蒸散,光合色素降解或合成受阻,对毛竹光合作用产生严重的负面效应,不利于毛竹干物质积累。In this study, open-top chambers （OTCs） were employed to approach the impacts of elevated atmospheric ozone （03 ） concentration on the photosynthesis of Phyllostachys edulis. Five treatments were installed, i. e. , CF （background atmosphere after filtrated by activated car- bon, 22-25 nL L-1）, NF （directly introduce the background atmosphere to the gas chamber, 40-45 nL L-I）, T1（92-106 nL L-1 of O3, averagely 100 nL- L-1）, T2（142-160 nL L-1 of 03, averagely 150 nL L-l）. Under different 03 concentrations, the diurnal variations of P. edulis leaf P,, and Tr represented one-peak curves. With the increasing concentration of 03 , the diurnal variations of the leaf G, C, and Ls trended to be simplified, while that of WUE be- came stable gradually. Under higher concentrations （ 〉 100 nL L-1 ） O3, the diurnal means of Pn, L, and WUE and the contents Chl, Chl-a, Chl-b, and Car decreased significantly, those of G~ and T, had a significant increase, while the diurnal mean of C and the composition of photo- synthetic pigment changed less. In treatments T1 and T2, the P., Tr, and Gs were significantly correlated with the environmental factors VpaL, T, Ca, and RH, and the Po and T, were signifi- cantly correlated with the PPED while the G was less correlated with the PPED. All the results indicated that 100 and 150 nL L-J of 03 could induce the leaf stomatal or non-stomatal limita- tion of P. edulis, respectively, and the stoma became insensitive to the environment, which im- pacted the leaf＇s normal feedback mechanisms, increased leaf evapotranspiration, and inhibitedthe degradation or synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, exerting serious negative effects on the photosynthesis and dry matter accumulation of P. edulis.

关 键 词：毛竹 臭氧 光合参数 气体交换参数 光合色素 

分 类 号：S795.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]