吕泗大洋港浮游植物群落与环境因子关系  

Phytoplankton community and its relationships with environmental factors in Dayang Port of Lüsi,Jiangsu Province of East China

作　　者：吴建新[1,2] 李强 张晴 

机构地区：[1]淮海工学院海洋学院,江苏连云港222005 [2]淮海工学院江苏省海洋生物技术重点建设实验室,江苏连云港222005 [3]连云港市海洋环境监测中心,江苏连云港222001

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第2期396-400,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40906054);江苏省海洋生物技术重点建设实验室基金项目(2008HS005)资助

摘　　要：于2010年4月对江苏省南通市吕泗大洋港近岸海域浮游植物的种类组成、多样性、丰度及其分布进行了调查。结果表明:在20个调查站位共鉴定浮游植物3门30属85种,其中,硅藻门27属81种,占种数的95.29%,蓝藻门2属3种,占种数的3.53%,金藻门1属1种,占种数的1.18%;浮游植物生态类型主要以低盐近岸性类群为主,辅以少量的广温广盐性类群;主要优势种为中肋骨条藻、具边圆筛藻、簇生针杆藻、长菱形藻、偏心圆筛藻、圆海链藻、线形圆筛藻和辐射圆筛藻,优势度分别为0.319、0.308、0.246、0.243、0.186、0.131、0.122和0.120;浮游植物的细胞丰度范围为0.641×104～3.136×104ind·L-1,平均值为1.640×104ind·L-1;群落特征指数变幅较大(种类数为23～42,Margalef丰富度指数为0.603～1.339,Shannon指数为2.362～3.840,Pielou均匀度指数为0.638～0.958);丰富度指数均值为1.007,Shannon指数均值为3.327,均匀度指数均值为0.859。相关性分析表明:均匀度指数与汞和锌含量呈极显著负相关,与盐度呈极显著正相关,与COD和DIN呈显著和极显著负相关;丰富度指数与砷含量和DO呈显著正相关;Shannon指数仅与锌含量呈极显著负相关。In April 2010, an investigation was conducted on the phytoplankton＇ s species compo- sition, diversity, abundance, and distribution at 20 stations in the coastal waters of Dayang Port in Ltisi. A total of 85 species belonging to 30 genera and 3 phyla were identified, including 81 species and 27 genera of Baeillariophyceae （accounting for 95.29% of the total species num- ber） , 3 species and 2 genera of Cyanophyta （ accounting for 3.53% ） , and 1 species and 1 ge- nus of Chrysophyta （accounting for 1.18% ）. As for the ecotype, most of the species were of low-salt nearshore taxa, while eurythermie and euryhalic species were rarely appeared. The main dominant species were Skeletonema costatum, Coscinodiscus marginatus, Synedra fasciculate, Nitzschia longissima , C. excentricus , Thalassiosira rotula , C. lineatus , and C. radiatus , with the dominance index being 0.319, 0.308, 0.246, 0.243, 0. 186, 0. 131, 0. 122 and 0. 120, respectively. The abundance of the phytoplankton varied from 0. 641 xl04 ind ~ L-I to 3. 136x104 ind L-1, with an average of 1. 640 104 ind L-t. The amplitude of community character indi- ces varied greatly （species number 23- 42, richness index 0. 603- 1. 339, Shannon index 2. 362-3. 840, and evenness index 0. 638-0. 958 ）, indicating the instability of the community structure. The mean Shannon index of the phytoplankton was 3. 327, mean richness index was 1. 007, and mean evenness index was 0.859. The correlation analysis showed that the evenness index was significantly negatively correlated with the water Zn and Hg contents, COD, and D/N, and positively correlated with water salinity. There were also significant positive correlations be- tween the richness index and the water As content and DO and significant negative correlation between the diversity index and the water Zn content.

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落特征 吕泗大洋港 水质评价 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]