甘孜州矿产资源开发利用与保护规划对生物多样性的影响  

Biodiversity impact assessment of mineral resources exploitation and conservation planning in Ganzi Prefecture of Sichuan Province,Southwest China

作　　者：耿海清[1] 杨玖贤[2] 熊伟[3] 王昊 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境工程评估中心,北京100012 [2]中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院,成都610072 [3]四川省环境工程评估中心,成都610015 [4]保护国际,北京100871

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第2期418-424,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中国-欧盟生物多样性项目(00056775)资助

摘　　要：为探索矿产资源开发利用与保护规划对区域生物多样性的影响,本文选择四川甘孜藏族自治州作为研究对象,将整个甘孜州划分为8种植被景观类型,并在此基础上计算了2005年,预测了规划实施后2010年、2020年甘孜州的景观密度、频率、比例及优势度变化;通过规划区与生物多样性敏感区域的叠加,分析了二者之间的空间冲突;根据长江上游植被类型图面信息的筛选、集成和综合,结合野外调查,将甘孜州整个地域划分出40种不同植被类型,制作了甘孜州植被生物量分布图,并计算了每个规划开采区内的生物量;使用甘孜州动植物分布数据,统计了每一鼓励开采区和限制开采区内各个物种栅格数占规划区总栅格数的比例,以此分析区域矿业开发活动对该物种的影响程度。通过上述工作,提出了基于生物多样性保护的甘孜州矿产资源开发利用与保护规划调整建议。In order to explore the impact of the exploitation and conservation planning of mineral resources on the local biological diversity, the Ganzi Prefecture of Sichuan Province was divided into 8 types of vegetation landscape, with the landscape density, frequency, proportion, and dominance in 2005 （the year before the planning implemented） calculated, and the variations of these indices in 2010 and 2020 （the years after the planning implemented） predicted. Through the overlapping of the planning areas and the biodiversity sensitive areas, their spatial conflicts were analyzed, and, based on the screening, integration, and synthesizing of the information from the vegetation maps in the upper reaches of Yangtze River, in combining with field survey, 40 vegetation types in the Prefecture were divided. The biomass distribution map of the vegeta- tions in the Prefecture was drawn, and the biomass in each planning area was calculated. By using the distribution map of the fauna and flora in the Prefecture, the ratio of the grid of each species in each encouraged mining area and restrictive mining area to the total grids in whole planning area was calculated, and applied to denote the affecting extent of the mining activities on each species. Based on the above work, the adjustment proposals for the mineral resources exploitation and conservation planning in the Prefecture were raised.

关 键 词：甘孜 矿产资源 生物多样性 生物多样性影响评估 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学] TD98[矿业工程—选矿]