高产冬种马铃薯的钾素吸收、积累、分配特征研究  

Potassium Absorption,Accumulation and Distribution Characteristics of Potato in Winter

作　　者：曹先维[1] 汤丹峰[1,2] 陈洪 全锋[1] 贺奕明 伍尤国[1] 张新明[5] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642 [2]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004 [3]惠东县生产力促进中心,广东惠东516300 [4]惠东县奕达农贸有限公司,广东惠东516300 [5]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2013年第1期33-36,共4页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(No.2007BAD89B14);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(No.nyhyzx07-006-1);广东省农业科技攻关项目(No.2010B020315022);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(No.CARS-10-ES14);省部产学研结合项目专项资金项目资助(No.2011B090400207)

摘　　要：通过氮磷钾基肥、追肥比例田间试验,研究冬种马铃薯对钾素吸收、积累和分配规律。结果表明:叶片中钾素含量在齐苗后65 d左右出现一个峰值后降低;在茎中,在齐苗后15 d和45 d出现双峰曲线;块茎中,在齐苗后35 d左右达到最大,然后下降。湿冷年型,每生产1 000 kg块茎需要吸收钾素(K)5.82 kg;干凉年型,每生产1 000 kg块茎需要吸收钾素(K)7.28 kg。钾素在叶片中的分配率在齐苗后5 d左右最高,70%以上的钾素分配到叶片,此后逐渐下降至10%左右;茎中的分配比率在齐苗后15 d左右最高,达到30%左右,此后逐渐下降并保持在10%左右;块茎中,钾素分配比率逐渐增加,到生育末期,有80%左右的钾素分配到块茎中。The potassium absorption, accumulation of potato in winter was carded out by field experiment with NPK basal fertilizer and top dressing proportion. The results showed： The potassium concentration in the leaves reached a peak about 65 days after full emengence and then decreased; In the stems, the potassium concentration reached the peak 15 and 45 days after full emengence; In the tubers, the concentration of potassium in the mass reached the maximum 35 days after full emengenee, and then decreased. In cold and wet year, 5.82 kg potassium （K）, and 7.28 kg （K） in cool and dry year was needed to produce 1 000 kg of tubers. Potassium in the leaves reached the peak after full emengence 5 days, about 70% potassium was allocated to leaves and then decreased to about 10% in last stage. Potassium in the stem reached the peak after full emengence 15 days, about 30%, at last about 10% of the potassium still kept in leaves; In tubers, potassium distribution ratio increased gradually, about 80% potassium transferred into tubers in the end of development stage.

关 键 词：冬种马铃薯 钾素 吸收 积累 分配 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]