不同氮素水平对不同氮效率黄瓜生长及其根际土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate on the Growth and Enzyme Activities in the Rhizosphere of Cucumber Cultivars with Different Nitrogen Use Efficiency

作　　者：关颂娜[1] 吴凤芝[1] 姜爽[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《作物杂志》2013年第1期68-72,共5页Crops

基　　金：国家"973"项目专题(2009CB119004-05);大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-25-08)

摘　　要：在棚室盆栽条件下,以黄瓜氮高效品种津优2号、津优31号和氮低效品种津绿30号、美好为试材,以尿素为氮肥,设不施氮肥和正常施氮肥两个处理,结合地上部生长状况,研究其根际土壤硝酸还原酶、蛋白酶、过氧化氢酶及中性磷酸酶活性的变化。结果表明:与氮低效黄瓜品种相比,氮高效黄瓜品种的株高、茎粗和叶面积的变化幅度均较低;同时,在不施氮肥条件下,氮高效黄瓜品种根际土壤有着较高的蛋白酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、中性磷酸酶活性以及较低的硝酸还原酶活性。由此可知:不施氮肥处理对氮高效黄瓜品种地上部生长的影响较小,且其根际土壤中不同土壤酶活性的高低也利于其良好的生长。Nitrogen efficient ＇ Jinyou No. 2＇ and ＇Jinyou No. 31＇ and nitrogen inefficient ＇Jinlv No. 30＇ and ＇ Meihao＇ of cucumber cultivars were chosen as materials in greenhouse potted experiment. Using urea as nitrogen fertilizer, we located no nitrogen fertilizer and normal nitrogen fertilizer supply treatments to study the effects of low- nitrogen stress and normal nitrogen fertilizer application under the status of shoot growth, rhizosphere soil nitrate re- ductase protease, catalase and neutral phosphatase enzymatic activity. The results showed that：compared with nitrogen inefficient cucumber varieties, the nitrogen efficiency cucumber varieties plant height, stem diameter and leaf area were of lower variation. Meanwhile at no nitrogen conditions, the nitrogen efficient cucumber varieties rhizosphere soil had a high protease activity, catalase activity, neutral phosphatase activity, and low nitrate reductase activity. Therefore, no nitrogen fertilizer treatment on the efficient nitrogen cucumber varieties aboveground growth had a smaller effect, and rhizosphere soil enzyme activity level was conducive to growth.

关 键 词：黄瓜 氮效率 氮肥 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]