成熟度与采收部位对川泽泻种子质量的影响研究  

Effects of Maturity and Collected Part on Seed Quality of Alisma Plantago-aquatica

作　　者：陈琪[1] 陈兴福[1] 杨文钰[1] 张宝林[1] 张玉[1] 杨俊东[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,四川成都611130

出　　处：《作物杂志》2013年第1期124-128,共5页Crops

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项"现在农作制模式构建与配套技术研究与示范"(201103001)

摘　　要：采集川泽泻不同成熟度的种子和两个批次的不同采收部位的种子,对其果实和种子外观质量、种子净度、含水量、千粒重和发芽率等进行比较研究,为川泽泻优质种子的生产提供参考。结果表明,川泽泻果实成熟过程中果实和种子外观形态及重量变化明显且较一致;不同成熟度的新鲜和阴干种子发芽率均明显不同,且低成熟度种子宜用于储藏,高成熟度种子宜用于即播。不同采收部位的种子中主花茎第三轮及以上部位(中上部)种子质量高于其他部位。种子培育过程中应尽量控制植株生长一致并及时摘除主花茎第一轮短枝和第二轮花序;种子采集宜分批进行,主花茎底部花序应提前采收,中上部花序后期采收,均以果实大量成熟时(呈褐色)为宜。In order to provide a potential reference for collecting high quality seeds of A. plantago-aquatica, the seeds which collected from different grades of maturity and different collected parts in two batches were eompared according to the appearance quality of fruits and seeds,the purification, moisture content,weights per thousand seeds and germination rate of the seeds. The results showed that the variation of appearance and weigh on both the fruits and seeds were obvious and overall consistent as the the fruits gradually ripened. They were markedly varied in ger- mination rate of both the fresh seeds and the seeds dried in the shade in different grades of maturity. The seeds of low grade of maturity were suited to be store while the seeds of high degree of maturity should be sown immediately. The quality of seeds from the third and the higher round of the scape （ the top and middle of the seape） were better than the others. During the process of cultivation, it was supposed to take steps to regulate the plants to growing in the same level and promptly wipe off the short inflorescence in the first round branch and the second round branch of scape. The seed should be harvested in batehes. When the most fruits were ripe ones which are brown,the seeds from bottom of the scape should be reaped early than those at the top and middle of the seape.

关 键 词：川泽泻 种子质量 成熟度 采收部位 分批采收 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]