真空蒸馏法制备高纯金属钕的理论和工艺研究  

Theory and Technology of Vacuum Distillation Method for Preparing High-Purity Metal Neodymium

作　　者：庞思明[1] 陈德宏[1] 李宗安[1] 颜世宏[1] 周林[1] 徐立海[1] 王志强[1] 徐建林[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京有色金属研究总院稀土材料国家工程研究中心有研稀土新材料股份有限公司,北京100088

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2013年第1期14-19,共6页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：863计划(2011AA03A409)资助

摘　　要：经理论分析,在1427～1827℃金属钕的饱和蒸气压为4～257 Pa,理论蒸馏速率为2～106 g.cm-2.h-1,具有较高的蒸气压和蒸馏速率,因此真空蒸馏法提纯金属钕在工艺上是可行的;在此基础之上,首次研究了低温范围内(1600～1800℃)金属钕真空蒸馏提纯的工艺技术条件,研究表明:在1650～1700℃,金属钕的实际蒸馏速率可达到3～3.9 g.cm-.2h-1,工业级的粗金属钕经过一次蒸馏提纯杂质去除率最高可达80%以上,并利用该法制备得到了目前国内报道最高纯度的金属钕,Nd绝对纯度达99.951%(质量分数)(分析35个杂质元素,按差减法计算),Nd相对纯度达99.9817%,O≤20μg.g-1,C≤51μg.g-1;从而证实真空蒸馏法是一种简单、高效、提纯效果好的高纯金属钕工业制备方法。Through a theoretical analysis,the saturated vapor pressure of metal neodymium was 4~257 Pa at 1427~1827 ℃,the theoretical of distillation rate was 2~106 g·cm-2·h-1,as a high vapor pressure and distillation rate,and the vacuum distillation method for purifing Nd metal was feasible in the process.Based on the analysis,the Nd metal vacuum distillation technology conditions in low temperature range（1600 to 1800 ℃） was studied at first.The research showed that the neodymium actual distillation rate could reach 3~3.9 g·cm-2·h-1 in 1650~1700 ℃,the impurities removal rate of industria grade crude neodymium metal could up to 80% or more through a distillation purification,and the highest purity of neodymium metal of the currently domestic reported was prepared,the Absolute purity of Nd metal was 99.951%（35 impurity elements analysized,calculated by subtraction）,the relative purity was 99.9817%,O≤20 μg·g-1,C≤51 μg·g-1;thus confirming vacuum distillation method was a simple,highly efficient preparation method for purification of high purity metal.

关 键 词：金属钕 真空蒸馏 提纯 高纯 稀土 

分 类 号：TF114.33[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]