论托尔斯泰小说《克莱采奏鸣曲》中的存在主义思想  

On the Existentialism Awareness of Tolstoy’s Novella “The Kreutzer Sonata”

作　　者：戴卓萌[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学俄语学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2013年第1期56-61,共6页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目<20世纪上半叶俄罗斯文学中的存在主义传统研究>(项目编号:12FWW004)阶段性成果

摘　　要：19世纪80年代至20世纪初,俄罗斯文学进入了一个全新的历史时期,一些作家开始从存在主义的角度出发重新思考个性问题。界限问题是存在主义意识问题之一。伟大的俄罗斯现实主义作家列夫·托尔斯泰在关于界限问题的艺术形式的寻求过程中,创作出《三死》、《伊万·伊里奇之死》、《克莱采奏鸣曲》等一系列优秀小说。《克莱采奏鸣曲》"也许是列夫·托尔斯泰最令人费解的作品了"。作家直接将自己置于20世纪哲学和艺术的语境中,小说表现了作家对两个时代(古典主义哲学时代和存在主义哲学时代)在艺术方面相互渗透、相互制约的复杂的辩证关系的思考过程。《克莱采奏鸣曲》印证了托尔斯泰的现实主义传统框架中存在主义意识日趋成熟。From the 1880＇s to the early 20th century, Russian literature entered a new historical period. Some writers started rethinking personality issues in terms of existentialism. The issue of boundaries was one of the issues of existentialism. The great Russian realist writer Lev Tolstoy, during the process of seeking the art form of the issue of boundaries, created a series of outstanding works like ＂Three Deaths＂, ＂The Death of Ivan llyich＂ and ＂The Kreutzer Sonata＂. The Kreutzer Sonata might be the most difficult one of his works to understand. He directly put himself into the language environment of the 20^th century philosophy and art. The novella showed the writer＇s thinking process of the classicism philosophy and the existentialism philosophy of the two ages infiltrated each other and restricted each other. The Kreutzer Sonata confirmed that Tolstoy＇s existentialism in the framework of realist traditions became mature with each passing day.

关 键 词：托尔斯泰 存在主义 死亡 界限 《克莱采奏鸣曲》 

分 类 号：I3[文学—其他各国文学]