我国果园机械研发与应用概述  

Review on research,development and application of orchard machinery in China

作　　者：王海波[1,2] 刘凤之[1,2] 王孝娣[1,2] 翟衡[3] 杜远鹏[3] 张敬国 徐翠云[5] 史祥宾[1] 郝志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所,辽宁兴城125100 [2]农业部园艺作物种质资源利用重点实验室,辽宁兴城125100 [3]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安217108 [4]潍坊市高密中等专业学校,山东高密261501 [5]山东省高密市益丰机械有限公司,山东高密261501

出　　处：《果树学报》2013年第1期165-170,共6页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院基本科研业务费项目(2012ZL043);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(nycytx-30-zp)

摘　　要：首先详细描述并比较了国内外果园机械的研发与应用现状,然后从果园的规模化和标准化程度、果园农机与农艺的有机融合、果园专用机械的研发与应用、果园农机的社会化服务等方面就果园机械化生产存在的问题进行了全面分析。同时从苗木培育、建园、土壤管理、养分管理、水分管理、整形修剪、花果管理、植物保护、越冬防寒、环境监测与调控、果园运输等果树从种植到收获的全过程对果园机械化生产的产业需求进行了详细阐述;并提出了进一步加大科研投入和政策扶持力度、加快果园农艺农机融合研究、大力开展果园农机农艺知识和技术培训、努力推进果园农机社会化服务体系建设是推动我国果园机械化生产的有效对策。The progress on research,development and application of orchard machinery at home and abroad was reviewed,and the problems related to the orchard mechanization including orchard＇s scale,specialization,standardization,the organic integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy,the research,development and application of specialized machinery for orchard,the socialization service of orchard machinery and so on were discussed as well.Meanwhile,the industry needs of orchard mechanized production in the whole process of fruit production from planting to harvest were elaborated.It was suggested that the investment increase in scientific research and the enhance of the policy support,the research on integration of orchard agricultural machinery and agronomy,the training and the construction of the socialization service system are the effective measures to promote Chinese orchard mechanization.More attention should be paid on the application of high-tech such as decision technology,information technology,automation and intelligent control technology assisted by computer in the future.

关 键 词：果园机械 现状 产业需求 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]