生物质气化技术的再认识  

History,challenge and solution of biomass gasification: a review

作　　者：张齐生[1] 马中青[1] 周建斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学竹材工程研究中心,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第1期1-10,共10页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB732205);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD30BOO);“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划(2011BAD15B05-04);国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201004001)

摘　　要：近现代,生物技术在工业、农业和能源领域得到广泛应用,对世界科技和经济发展起到重大的变革和促进作用。由于化石燃料资源性枯竭问题和环境污染问题,寻找一种清洁、可再生的替代燃料和燃料生产技术已迫在眉睫。生物质气化技术作为一种清洁的可再生能源利用技术得到了快速发展,然而由于气化设备自身不够成熟以及未对气化副产物(生物质炭和生物质提取液)加以有效利用等问题,严重阻碍了生物质气化技术的商业化推广和运行。生物质气化多联产技术是指基于生物质下吸式固定床气化的气、固、液三相产品多联产及其产品分相回收、利用技术。该技术的提出,以及相关核心设备的开发成功与应用,为生物质气化技术的进一步发展提供了新的思路。笔者详细介绍了气化技术发展的历史和困境、生物质气化多联产技术的路线和核心设备以及多联产技术产品的开发和应用情况。Recently,as the widely application of biotechnology in the industry,agriculture and energy,it has been playing a great role in technology reform and economy growth.And currently,due to the problems of rapid depletion of fossil fuel and environmental pollution,people are looking for a renewable and green fuel and fuel processing technology that can partially replace the fossil fuel.Biomass gasification technology,regarding as a renewable and sustainable bio-energy conversion technology,has been developing rapidly.However,for the immature gasification system and ineffective recycling utilization of gasification byproducts（bio-char and bio-extract）,it hinders the commercialization and operation of gasification technology seriously.Biomass gasification poly-generation technology is defined as the comprehensive utilization of gas（producer gas）,solid（bio-char） and liquid（bio-extract） products from biomass downdraft fixed bed gasification system.The presentation of poly-generation methodology and the successful application of the associated equipment provide a new guideline for the further development of biomass gasification technology.This paper describes the history,challenge and solution of biomass gasification technology.

关 键 词：生物质 气化 多联产 下吸式固定床 生物质炭 生物质提取液 

分 类 号：X74[环境科学与工程—环境工程]