中国东部夏季云量与日气温统计关系  

The Statistical Relationship Between Summer Cloud Cover and Daily Temperature in Eastern China

作　　者：郭元喜[1] 龚道溢[1] 汪文珊[1] 毛睿[1] 胡淼[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室减灾与应急管理研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《地理科学》2013年第1期104-109,共6页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家973项目(2012CB955302);国家自然科学基金项目(40975043)资助

摘　　要：利用中国东部1980-2009年130个测站夏季逐日气象资料,定量分析无雨日条件下云量与气温统计关系,从辐射角度解释成因。结果表明:日最高气温、日平均气温大多随着云量增多而显著下降,这主要是由于云量增加会导致到达地面的太阳总辐射和地表净辐射显著减少。日最低气温在北方随着云量增多而显著上升;在南方则随着总云量、低中云量增多而显著下降,但与高云量的关系不明确。出现这种现象的原因无法完全从云量影响辐射的角度进行解释。气温日较差随着云量增多而显著减小,并且北方减小的幅度大于南方。Based on the data of daily temperature from 130 meteorological stations of Eastern China in 1980-2009,statistical relationship between cloud cover and temperature on no rain conditions were quantitatively analyzed,and the reason was explained from the perspective of radiation.It was showed that daily maximum temperature and daily mean temperature in Eastern China decreased significantly with the increasing of cloud cover,which is mainly because solar radiation and surface net radiation decreased significantly due to increase of cloud cover.This is in consistent with the relationship between daily maximum temperature,daily mean temperature and cloud cover in the whole China,in the Northern Hemisphere and even in the Globe.Specifically, the daily maximum temperature and daily mean temperature would decrease by 0.219℃ and 0.109℃ respectively as the total cloud cover increased by each 10 percent.And also,when low and middle cloud increased, the daily maximum temperature and daily mean temperature would decreased by 0.367℃ and 0.247℃ respectively,and when high cloud increased,the daily maximum temperature and daily mean temperature would decreased by 0.087℃ and 0.006℃ respectively.This significant negative correlation between daily maximum temperature,daily mean temperature and cloud cover may be mainly caused by the reduction of surface solar radiation and surface net radiation.In the northern part of the study region,daily minimum temperature increased significantly with the increase of total cloud,low and middle cloud,or high cloud,and in the south,it decreased significantly with the increase of total cloud or low and middle cloud.But it shows no obvious relationship with the amount of high cloud.This phenomenon can hardly be explained simply from the aspect of radiation effect,because there is a significant negative correlation between cloud cover and surface effective radiation.It was found that diurnal temperature range in Eastern China was significantly decreased with the increase of cloud cover,and

关 键 词：中国东部 夏季 云量 气温 日较差 辐射 

分 类 号：P468[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]