甲醛对小鼠记忆力的影响及其机制  

Effects of formaldehyde on memory of mice and its mechanism

作　　者：张黎[1,2] 梁明辉[3] 刘特[2] 李娜[2] 叶琳[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学人文学院应用家政学教研室,长春130118 [2]吉林大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室 [3]吉林农业大学人文学院应用心理学教研室

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第3期416-417,422,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究较长时间吸入甲醛小鼠记忆力的改变,并初步阐明其作用机制。方法采用健康昆明种小鼠,按照随机分组的原则,将小鼠分为对照组和甲醛染毒组,染毒组浓度分别是21.0mg/m3(1/24LC50)、42.0mg/m3(1/12LC50)和84.0mg/m3(1/6LC50),每组12只,雌雄各半。采用静式吸入染毒,每天2h,每周6d,染毒12周,对照组吸入正常空气。染毒第6、8、12周d1,进行小鼠记忆力的测试。染毒结束后处死小鼠,检测脑组织SOD、GSH-Px及MDA含量。结果在记忆力测试中,第8周,84.0mg/m3组小鼠游泳到达目的地时间大于对照组(P﹤0.05);第12周,42.0mg/m3组和84.0mg/m3组小鼠游泳到达目的地时间大于对照组(P﹤0.01),84.0mg/m3组小鼠游泳到达目地时间也大于21.0mg/m3组(P﹤0.01),84.0mg/m3组小鼠较第8周游泳到达目的地时间延长(P﹤0.01)。甲醛对小鼠脑组织脂质过氧化作用也有影响,84.0mg/m3组小鼠SOD活性低于对照组和21.0mg/m3组(P﹤0.05);各染毒组GSH-Px活性低于对照组(P﹤0.05或P﹤0.01);各染毒组MDA含量与对照组比较均增加(P﹤0.01)。结论小鼠较长时间接触甲醛可引起记忆力的降低,脑组织抗氧化物酶SOD和GSH-Px活性下降,脂质过氧化产物MDA含量增加,提示脂质过氧化损伤可能是小鼠记忆力降低的机制之一。OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of memory of mice to formaldehyde for long-term and illustrate its possible mechanism. METHODS 48 Kunming mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, negative control, three experimental groups （1/24LC50, 21.0 mg/m3; 1/12 LC50, 42.0 mg/m3; 1/6 LC50, 84.0 mg/m3）. Mice were exposed to formaldehyd by inspiration in a static total enclosure chamber for 12 weeks. At the first day of the 6th week, 8th week and 12th week, memory of mice was determined. After 12 weeks, the mice were killed. Lipid peroxidation in the cerebral tissue was determined. RESULTS At the memory test, at the 8th week, the swimming time of mice in 84.0mg/m3 group achieving the goal was longer than that in control group （P 〈 0.05）. At the 12th week, the swimming time of achieving the goal of the mice in 42.0mg/m3 group and 84.0mg/m3 group was increased compared with control group （P 〈 0.01）. And the swimming time of achieving the goal of the mice in 84.0mg/m3 group increased compared with 21.0mg/m3 group （P 〈 0.01 ）. In 84.0mg/m3 group, the swimming time achieving the goal at 12th week was increased compared with 8th week （P 〈 0.01）. Effects of formaldehyde on lipid peroxidation of mice： the activeness of SOD of cerebral tissue in 84.0mg/m3 group decreased compared with the control and 21.0mg/m3 group （P 〈 0.05）, and the activeness of SOD in 42.0mg/m3 group decreased compared with the 21.0mg/m3 group （P 〈 0.05） ; the activeness of GSH-Px in exposed groups decreased compared with the control （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ） ; MDA was increasing in exposed groups, and there were differences in exposed groups compared with the control （P 〈 0.01 ）. CONCLUSION Results from the present research show that long-term exposure to formaldehyde can cause decreasing memory of mice, decreasing the activeness of SOD and GSH-Px, increasing of MDA. And lipid peroxidation in the cerebral tissue can cause decreasing of memory.

关 键 词：甲醛 记忆力 超氧化物歧化酶 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 丙二醛 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生]