城市居民养老方式的变化趋势、存在问题及对策研究——基于对西安市居民养老方式的调查  

Change Trends,Existing Problems and Countermeasures of the Modes of Endowment for Aged Urban Residents——based on the survey of the modes of the endowment for the aged urban residents in Xi′an

作　　者：罗亚萍[1] 史文静[1] 肖阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学人文社会科学学院实证社会科学研究所,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第1期78-84,共7页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(11AZD022)

摘　　要：通过对国内外居民养老方式的现状进行分析,并对西安市居民养老方式进行电话调查发现,自立养老已经取代传统的家庭养老方式成为所有中老年人首选的期望养老方式,同时也是75岁以下年轻老年人首选的实际养老方式,它跨越年龄组和收入阶层,具有不受年龄和收入限制的特点;而当老年人进入年迈或者生活不能自理时,则又倾向于实际选择传统的家庭养老方式;但未来的独生子女家庭很难承担起年迈老年人家庭养老的重担,机构养老方式也无法满足年迈老年人的养老需求;认为在中国自立养老方式快速发展的背景下,需要在社区大力发展社会化养老服务组织以及制定和完善相关的养老政策。telephone dowment From the analysis of the status quo of the modes of endowment for aged residents at home and abroad and the investigation of the modes of endowment of the aged residents in Xi＇an, we find that the self- support aged en- taking the place of the traditional mode of family endowment for the aged people has become the first option for all the middle - aged and old people, and also the actual mode of endowment for the ＇younger＇ old people under the age of 75 years. Such mode, which crosses the age group and income strata, features the absence of the age and income lim- itations. Furthermore, these people tend to actually choose traditional family endowment for the aged people when ente- ring into the advanced age, failing to look after themselves. However, it is very hard for the future families of the only child to take the heavy burden of traditional family endowment for the aged people, and the mode of the institutional en- dowment for the aged people are unable to meet the endowment demands of the aged people. We hold that at the back- ground that the mode of elf - support endowment for the aged people in China is rapidly developing, it is needed to de- velop with greater efforts the socialized service institutions for the aged people and to formulate and perfect relevant poli- cies for the endowment of the aged people.

关 键 词：自立养老 家庭养老 社会化养老 老龄化社会 城市居民养老 

分 类 号：C915[经济管理]