曲马多用于麻醉恢复室全身麻醉苏醒期患者躁动的防治和护理  

Effect of tramadol on restlessness management during recovery after general anesthesia

作　　者：赵欣[1] 姚瑶[1] 冯丹丹[1] 李淼[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院麻醉科,100191

出　　处：《中国医药》2013年第2期268-269,共2页China Medicine

摘　　要：目的观察曲马多防治全身麻醉苏醒期躁动的疗效及护理对策。方法将60例全身麻醉患者完全随机分为2组，各30例。2组患者术毕缝皮前静脉用药，曲马多组给予曲马多100mg，对照组给予0．9％氯化钠液2ml。观察心率、血压、躁动评分以及恶心、呕吐等并发症。结果曲马多组与对照组中无或轻度躁动的发生率分别为70．0％（21／30）、26．7％（8／30），2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），中度躁动的发生率分别为30．0％（9／30）、63．3％（19／30），2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。与对照组相比，气管拔管后10min曲马多组躁动明显减少。曲马多组与对照组恶心、呕吐的发生率分别为6．7％（2／30）和10．0％（3／30），2组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。2组均未发生低氧血症、嗜睡、呼吸抑制、喉痉挛、胃内容物反流误吸等不良反应。结论曲马多可有效防治全身麻醉苏醒期间患者的躁动，应加强相应的护理。Objective To observe the effect of tramadol on managing the restlessness during recovery after general anesthesia. Methods Sixty patients were divided into two groups： group Ⅰ received tramadol 100 mg and group Ⅱ received sodium chloride injection 2 ml intravenously. Tramadol or sodium chloride injection was administered before skin was closed. The level of restlessness was evaluated; nausea, vomiting, heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure were monitored at the same time. Results No or mild agitation rates in tramadol group and control group were 70.0% （21/30） and 26.7% （8/30） respectively （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; moderate agitation rates were 30.0% （9/30）, 63.3% （19/30）, there was significant difference between two groups （P 〈0.05）. The incidence rate of nausea and vomiting was 6.7 % （2/30） and 10.0% （3/30） in tramadol group and control group; there were no significant differences between two groups. No hypoxemia, sleepiness, respiratory depression, laryngospasm, regurgitation of gastric contents aspiration and other adverse reactions occurred in both groups. Conclusion Tramadol can reduce restlessness during recovery after general anesthesia.

关 键 词：全身麻醉 躁动 曲马多 

分 类 号：R614.2[医药卫生—麻醉学]