不同路径选择策略的城市疏散仿真研究  

Simulation Study on Urban Evacuation with Different Route Choice Strategies

作　　者：吴健宏[1] 翁文国[1] 倪顺江[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学工程物理系公共安全研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《系统仿真学报》2013年第1期122-126,共5页Journal of System Simulation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91024018);科技部973计划(2012CB719705);科技部十二五科技支撑计划(2011BAK07B03)

摘　　要：结合Agent模型和GIS系统构建了城市大范围人员疏散仿真系统,采用A*算法建立了Agent的路径选择模型,讨论了基于最短距离、最短时间和混合型的三种路径选择策略。还基于实际的城市道路和人口数据,构建了疏散场景进行模拟。模拟结果表明:步行方式下不同路径选择策略下总体疏散时间差别不大,而车辆方式下则差别很大。不同路径选择策略下交通流的分布呈现不同特征,道路的拥挤路段和节点也不一致,因此需要采取合适的诱导策略进行引导。An urban evacuation simulation system was developed incorporating Agent model to GIS system. Agents choose routes by A ＊ algorithm. Three types of route choice strategies were discussed. An evacuation scenario was set up based on the real data of city roads and population. The simulation results show that for the pedestrian evacuation by walking, the differences among evacuation time under different route choice strategies are small. While for the evacuation by cars, the differences are much obvious. Under different route choice strategies, the distributions of traffic are different, and there are different jam and bottleneck characteristics. Appropriate information strategies should be taken to guide traffic.

关 键 词：城市疏散 路径选择 A＊算法 AGENT模型 

分 类 号：X913-2[环境科学与工程—安全科学]