骨质疏松腰椎三维有限元模型的建立  

Establishment of finite element model of lumbar with osteoporoSis and biomechanical analysis

作　　者：刘勇[1] 田青[1] 李国庆[1] 杨述华[1] 杜靖远[1] 邵增务[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院骨科,武汉430022

出　　处：《中华实验外科杂志》2013年第1期161-162,共2页Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery

摘　　要：目的建立正常人及骨质疏松患者腰椎三维有限元模型，观察骨质疏松导致的骨结构及性质的改变对骨生物力学的影响。方法选择健康及骨质疏松老年女性患者各1例，通过CT扫描获得志愿者腰椎数据，Mimics10．0软件生成腰椎三维模型；将三维模型数据导入Hypermesh10．0软件进行网格划分，建立有限元模型；根据腰椎CT灰度值对三维模型赋10种材料属性后，导入Abaqus6．9内施加载荷、设置边界条件等操作建立正常及骨质疏松腰椎三维有限元模型，观察腰椎最大米塞斯应力（vonmises stress）、最大位移、最大轴向应变3项指标。结果建立正常人和骨质疏松患者第五腰椎（L5）三维有限元模型；日常生理载荷作用下，正常人L5产生的最大yonmises stress、最大位移、最大轴向应变分别为4．171Mpa、1．693e-2mm、5．508e-5；骨质疏松患者L5产生的最大YOnmises stress、最大位移、最大轴向应变分别为4．451Mpa、3．822e-2mm、1．414e-4。结论日常生理载荷作用下，骨质疏松患者和正常人L5所产生的应力无明显差异。但骨质疏松患者腰椎更容易产生应力集中，抵御载荷储备能力降低。Objective To set up the three-dimensional finite element model of lumbar in normal people and ostcoporotic patients, and to evaluate the effect of the geometry and the materrial properties differentiation caused by osteoporosis on the load distribution and on stress and strain fields evaluated by FEA were examined. Methods One healthy female and one female patient with severe osteoporosis were selected. The data were obtained by means of spiral CT scanning. Three-dimensional model were established by Mimics 10. 0 software. Two models were chosen and modified in Hypermesh 10. 0 software to generate mesh. Attributes of materials were given to establish model of three dimensional finite element. Import the model into Abaqus6. 9 to analyze biomechanical characteristics. Results L5 three dimensional finite element models in normal people and osteoporotic patients were successfully established. In the healthy L5, the maximum value of van mises stress was 4. 171 Mpa, the peak value of axial displacement was 1. 693e-2 mm, and the peak value of the axial strain was 5. 508e-5. In the osteoporotic L5, the maximum value of von mises stress was 4. 451 Mpa, the peak value of axial displacement was 3. 822e-2 mm, and the peak value of the axial strain was 1. 414e-4. Conclusion The stress was not higher in the osteoporotic L5 than in the healthy one for a normal daily loading situation. Compared to the healthy one, the osteoporotic L5 structure is Drone to stress concentration, and not to infrequent ＂error＂ loads.

关 键 词：腰椎 骨质疏松 有限元法 生物力学 

分 类 号：R5[医药卫生—内科学]