环甲关节的不对称性  

Asymmetry of the human cricothyroid joint

作　　者：刘明[1] 陈胜国[2] 张铭[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学解剖学教研室,北京100069 [2]新疆医科大学解剖学教研室,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新西兰Otago大学解剖学系

出　　处：《解剖学报》2013年第1期85-88,共4页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31071051);New Zealand Lottery Health Research Grant(279585);首都医科大学基础临床课题资助项目(10JL12)

摘　　要：目的探讨环甲关节不对称性形成的原因。方法 38具福尔马林常规固定尸体(中国男性15例,女性5例;新西兰男性11例,女性7例。年龄范围57～95岁,平均年龄为74岁),采用大体解剖方法进行喉部取材后,去除环甲关节周围软组织,定义环状软骨板正中矢状面和甲状软骨板后缘及下角的长轴之间的角度为环甲角,利用ImageJ软件(NIH,USA)测量,并对喉标本左右侧、不同性别、不同人群的环甲角值差异进行统计学分析;取3例喉标本,利用Micro-CT和三维重建软件实现环甲关节的三维构建;之后将该3例标本脱钙、脱水、石蜡包埋后进行HE和Van-Gieson(VG)染色。结果双侧环甲关节的关节面形态存在不对称性;关节腔(环甲关节)亦存在不对称性,并且这一特性与环甲角紧密相关。所有个体喉双侧环甲角均不同。结论环甲角的不同可能导致了双侧环甲关节关节面的接触面积的不同,最终体现为环甲关节关节面及关节腔的不对称性。可以在活体的喉影像中观察和测量环甲角。Objective To explore what may cause the asymmetry of the cricothyroid joint, particularly its cavity. Methods A total of 38 cadaveric specimens （ 15 males and 5 females from China; 11 males and 7 females from New Zealand） were used for dissection, micro-computed tomography and histology staining. The cadavers were donated for the purposes of teaching and research under the Human Tissues Act. Results The results confirmed that the bilateral cricothyroid joints of a cadaver were asymmetric. The asymmetry existed not only on the articular surfaces, but also the capsules and cavities between the bilateral joints and within the joint. An angle between the inferior corner of the thyroid cartilarge and the lateral surface of the cricoid cartilarge, named as the C-T angle in this study, was measured and compared in this study. None of the C-T angles of the bilateral cricothyroid joints of a specimen was symmetric. Conclusions The asymmetry of the bilateral cricothyroid joint, particularly its cavity, may be determined by the asymmetry of the C-T angles of the bilateral joints. The C-T angle can be detected by the routine medical imaging methods, thus the angle may be used to evaluate the asymmetry of the cricothyroid joint.

关 键 词：环甲关节 环甲角 关节腔 不对称性 微计算机断层扫描 人 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]