早期口腔运动干预方案改善早产儿经口喂养的效果评价  

The effect of early oral stimulation program on oral feeding of preterm infants

作　　者：吕天婵[1] 张玉侠[2] 胡晓静[3] 曹云[3] 任平[1] 王玥珏[3] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学护理学院,上海市200032 [2]复旦大学附属儿科医院护理部 [3]复旦大学附属儿科医院NICU

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2013年第2期101-105,共5页Chinese Journal of Nursing

摘　　要：目的引进国外的口腔运动干预方案,并评价该方案对早产儿经口喂养进程、经口喂养表现、体重增长及住院时间的影响。方法将符合纳入标准、出生胎龄<34周、接受全管饲喂养的早产儿作为研究对象。根据计算机产生的随机数字分为干预组和对照组各36例。干预组在常规护理的基础上每天接受1次口腔运动干预,直至其停止管饲喂养。对照组接受NICU常规护理,包括间歇喂养、体位支持等。记录两组达到开始经口喂养和完全经口喂养时的纠正胎龄,并在这两个时间点观察喂养表现,计算过渡时间、喂养效率等,记录每天体重,计算体重增长速度。结果干预组完全经口喂养时的纠正胎龄和体重明显小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。从开始经口喂养到完全经口喂养的过渡时间两组比较,干预组明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组开始经口喂养时的喂养效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组在体重增长速度、住院时间等方面没有明显差别。结论早期口腔运动干预方案有助于早产儿经口喂养的改善。Objective To evaluate the effect of an oral stimulation program on the progress and performance of oral feeding,weight gain and length of hospital stay in preterm infants. Methods Seventy-two preterm infants were randomly assigned into experimental group and control group. The infants in the experimental group（n=36） received oral stimulation once a day in addition to the routine care. The control group（n=36） received routine care of NICU including intermittent feeding and postural support. The postmenstrual age（PMA） and the total intake volume were recorded. Then,the transitional time from the initiation of oral feeding to full oral feeding and feeding efficiency were calculated. Moreover,the body weight was recorded to calculate the weight gain rate. Results The PMA and weight at full oral feeding in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group（P〈0.05）. The transitional time from the initiation of oral feeding to full oral feeding in the experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the control group（P〈0.05）. The feeding efficiency in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group（P〈0.05）. There were no significant differences in the length of hospital stay and weight gain rate between the two groups. Conclusion An early oral stimulation program is beneficial for the oral feeding in preterm infant.

关 键 词：婴儿 早产 口腔 婴儿喂养 体重增长 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]