无烟煤流化床气化飞灰的结渣特性  

Slagging characteristics of fly ash from anthracite gasification in fluidized bed

作　　者：杨鑫[1,2] 黄戒介[1] 房倚天[1] 王洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,山西太原030001 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《燃料化学学报》2013年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA07050100);中国科学院知识创新工程方向(KGCX2-YW-320)

摘　　要：通过烧结特性实验研究了无烟煤流化床气化飞灰在"近灰熔点"处的烧结特性,并利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)进行了结晶矿物质和玻璃相的定量分析以研究其烧结机制。结果表明,飞灰中矿物质间的相互转化控制着其结渣特性。由于铁、钙和镁等碱性组分的部分富集,飞灰的灰熔点与原煤相比要低;在低于灰熔点DT 100～200℃附近,由于长石类矿物质的转变熔融形成了具有黏结性的液相,灰样发生液相烧结导致收缩变形而结块;大部分的钙和铁等助熔组分赋存于玻璃相中提高了其浓度,且在热处理过程中它们并未发生析晶行为,从而促进灰样的烧结致密化过程,进一步使得飞灰的结渣倾向增强。An experimental procedure was tested for studying the sintering and fusion characteristics of fly ash from anthracite fluidized bed gasification at the temperature approaching the ash deformation temperature （DT）, and the slagging characteristic was investigated. The quantitative analysis on the composition of crystalline mineral matter and the amorphous phases in the thermal treated ash was carded out using X-ray diffraction analysis （XRD）. Experimental results show that the slagging tendency of fly ash is related to the transformation of minerals. AFTs of fly ash are lower than those of original coal due to higher contents of Fe, Ca, and Mg. The formation of melting matrix causes a liquid-phase sintering at 100 - 200℃ below the DT, which leads to a shrinkage deformation and clinkering due to the formation and transformation of feldspar that plays a ＇ glue＇ role in sintering. A great amount of Ca and all of Fe are found in the glass phase, which improves the amorphous phase in concentration. These fluxing components in the glass phase that do not crystalize during thermal treatment can promote the densification process of sintering and the slagging or agglomeration tendencies.

关 键 词：飞灰 流化床气化 结渣特性 矿物质 玻璃相 定量分析 

分 类 号：TQ544[化学工程—煤化学工程]