计算流体力学技术在主动脉弓血流动力学研究中的应用价值  

Application of computational fluid dynamics in hemodynamic research of aortic arch

作　　者：张韬[1] 熊江[1] 胡小忠[1] 贾鑫[1] 栾韶亮[1] 郭伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院血管外科,北京100853

出　　处：《中华医学杂志》2013年第5期380-384,共5页National Medical Journal of China

摘　　要：目的评价计算流体力学技术在主动脉弓血流动力学研究中的应用价值。方法采用CT血管造影医学影像学技术获得个体患者原始主动脉血流图像，运用计算流体力学方法适量设定边界条件以重建主动脉弓精确解剖3D模型，并对管腔内血流速度、剪切力和壁应力等血流动力学因素进行数值模拟。结果高分辨率数值模拟可以精确仿真人体主动脉解剖学结构，该模型在功能上可以有效推演主动脉血流动力学环境变化过程。（1）主动脉弓内血流速度、剪切力和壁应力存在时空上的分布差异，收缩期的单向高速血流会被舒张期的多处涡流所替代，流速和剪切力的基本分布趋势从大弯向小弯逐渐升高，血管分支和降主动脉扭曲等解剖因素的影响较大；（2）升主动脉壁应力较主动脉弓、降主动脉有更大的量值和波动幅度，同一截面外侧壁应力高于内侧壁，在整个心动周期中动脉韧带对应的降主动脉外侧壁区域应力量值和波动最小。结论应用计算流体力学技术进行主动脉弓血流动力学研究，能够较真实的体外模拟主动脉血液流态和管壁应力特征，为主动脉疾病病因探索和虚拟诊疗系统的建立提供便捷和专业的实用工具。Objective To evaluate the application of computational fluid dynamics （CFD） on a patient-specific hemodynamie model of aortic arch. Methods The original Dicom format image data of a patient were acquired by computed tomographie angiography （CTA）. A 3-dimensional （3D） model based on CFD was constructed through the right amount of boundary conditions and hemodynamic parameters related with flow velocity, shear force and wall stress on lumen were analyzed accordingly. Results The 3D model based on CFD could reflect the characteristic of flow velocity, shear force and wall stress on lumen in vitro. （ 1 ） The distributions of hemodynamic variables during cardiac cycle were spatiotemporally different. The unidirectional high-speed systolic current was replaced by diastolic eddy current and reversed flow. The distribution of flow velocity and shear stress gradually increased from outer wall of aortic artery to inner wall under the influences of such anatomical factors as vascular branching and distortions of descending aorta; （2） the magnitude and volatility of wall stress in ascending aorta were greater than those of aortic arch and descending aorta, but the least results were at the lateral wall of descending aorta area. In addition, the wall stress of external wall was higher than the lateral wall in the same section. Conclusion The hemodynamie research of aortic arch based on CFD may actually simulate the characteristics of blood flow and wall stress so as to become a new reliable and convenient application tool in etiological diagnosis and surgical planning.

关 键 词：计算流体力学 主动脉 血流动力学 

分 类 号：R331.1[医药卫生—人体生理学]