落叶松和樟子松木材基本密度的变异及早期选择  

Variation of wood basic density and early selection of dahurian larch and Mongolian pine

作　　者：姜立春[1] 刘铭宇[1] 刘银帮[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2013年第1期1-6,共6页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(DL12DA01);国家自然科学基金项目(30972363;31170591)

摘　　要：以黑龙江省七台河市林业局金沙林场落叶松和樟子松人工成熟林为研究对象,在树干基部、树干1.3m处以及树高的20%、40%、60%和80%处截取5cm厚的圆盘各1个。在每个圆盘南向通过髓心锯下一个楔形木块,将每个楔形木块沿径向切割成相等的8段,测量其宽度和年轮数,并用排水法测定各样品的基本密度。采用方差分析、多重比较、相关分析和回归分析等方法,研究了落叶松和樟子松木材基本密度的株内变异、株间变异、径向变异、沿树干方向的变异以及年轮组间的相关性。结果表明:落叶松和樟子松单株树木内木材基本密度存在变异,在树干不同高度处存在显著的株间变异和径向变异。落叶松树干基本密度在纵向呈现逐渐递减趋势,而樟子松呈现的密度变化趋势是先减小,约在树干高度的20%处之后又开始增加。年轮组间基本密度相关性分析表明:落叶松可在早期时淘汰生长较差的林木,约在5～10年时可基于木材基本密度对林木进行选择;而樟子松木材基本密度早期选择是可行的。The sample data was from dahurian larch （Larix gmelinii） and Mongolian pine （Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica） mature plantations located in Qitaihe Forest Bureau in Heilongjiang Province,northeastern China.Wood disks of 5 cm thick were taken at ground,1.3 m,20%,40%,60%,80% of the total height from each tree. A wedge was cut from each sample disc along the south radius. Each wedge was divided into 8 equal parts along the radius. Wood basic density of each part was obtained using water displacement method. Variations of wood basic density within tree, among trees, from pith to bark, from base to the top of tree and correlation of wood basic density within ring groups were investigated using variance analysis, multiple comparison, correlation analysis, and regression analysis methods. The results showed that variations of wood basic density were noticed within-tree for dahurian larch and Mongolian pine. There were significant variations among trees and radial variations along the tree stem.Wood basic density decreased from the stump to top of the tree for dahurian larch.However,wood basic density decreased from stump to 20% of total height, and then increased towards the top of stem. Correlation analysis of wood basic density among age groups showed that dahurian larch trees with slow growth could be removed at early stage. Trees could be selected based on wood basic density during 5-10 years.However,Mongolian pine could be selected based on wood basic density at early stage.

关 键 词：木材基本密度 径向变异 株内变异 落叶松 樟子松 

分 类 号：S781.3[农业科学—木材科学与技术]