MMR纳入免疫规划前后淮安市流行性腮腺炎的流行特征  

Epidemic Characteristics of Mumps in Huaian City before and after the introduction of MMR vaccination into Immunization Programs

作　　者：陈跃[1] 刘林飞[1] 蔡蓉[1] 张文艺[1] 苏琪[1] 高强[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省淮安市疾病预防控制中心,223001

出　　处：《职业与健康》2013年第2期201-203,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的掌握麻疹-风疹-腮腺炎联合疫苗(MMR)纳入儿童免疫规划前后,淮安市流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征,为制定针对性防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对淮安市2004—2007年(纳入免疫规划前)、2008—2011年(纳入免疫规划后)流行性腮腺炎疫情资料进行对比分析。结果 2004—2007年、2008—2011年淮安市流行性腮腺炎年均报告发病率分别为18.4/10万、4.78/10万;"三间"分布流行病学特征未改变,表现为春末夏初、冬季2个发病高峰,发病前2位县(区)位次未改变,5～14岁年龄组报告病例数最多。结论 MMR纳入儿童免疫规划对淮安市控制流行性腮腺炎流行成效显著。应继续落实好MMR免疫接种策略,提高免疫接种率,减少发病数;加大腮腺炎疫情监测力度,及时发现疫情并采取应急接种措施,控制疫情暴发。[Objective]To understand the epidemiologic characteristics of mumps after the introduction of measles-mumps-rubella（MMR） vaccine into immunization programs in Huaian City,and provide scientific basis for making specific intervening measurements of mumps.[Methods]Epidemic data of mumps from 2004-2007（before the introduction of MMR vaccine into Immunization Programs） and that during 2008-2011（after the introduction of MMR vaccine into Immunization Programs） in Huaian City were compared by using descriptive epidemiology analysis.[Results] The average annual reported incidence of mumps during 2004-2007 and 2008-2011 in Huaian were 18.4/100 000 and 4.78/100 000,respectively.The distributions of region,time and population of mumps were not changed,representing that mumps incidence reached the peaks in early summer and winter;the rank of areas with the first and second highest mumps incidences was not changed;and the highest mumps incidence occurred in children aged 5-14 years.[Conclusion]There is a significant effect on mumps prevention since MMR vaccine was introduced into Immunization Programs in Huaian City.Specific strategy on increasing the vaccination rate of MMR should be performed to decrease its incidence.Additionally,the epidemic situation of mumps should be monitored strictly and an emergency vaccination should be taken promptly in order to control the outbreak of mumps.

关 键 词：麻疹-风疹-腮腺炎联合疫苗 流行性腮腺炎 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]