高超声速飞行器陶瓷复合材料与热结构技术研究进展  

Development of Ceramic Composite and Hot Structures for Hypersonic Vehicles

作　　者：鲁芹[1] 胡龙飞[1] 罗晓光[1] 姜贵庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国航天空气动力技术研究院,北京100074

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2013年第2期251-260,共10页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

摘　　要：高超声速飞行器热防护材料与结构是关系高超声速飞行器安全的关键热防护技术。陶瓷复合材料具有耐高温和稳定性好等优点,成为高超声速飞行器高温区和大面积区域所用的最重要的热防护结构材料。回顾了陶瓷复合材料在高超声速飞行器热防护系统中的应用,从材料制备、抗氧化以及物理性能等方面综述了美国陶瓷隔热材料和陶瓷防热材料技术研究进展与应用现状,详细介绍了陶瓷材料与结构的最新研究进展,特别是新型的防热–隔热一体化陶瓷瓦,总结了陶瓷瓦所采用的热防护技术的改进升级,指出了高超声速飞行器陶瓷材料与结构面临的挑战,最后展望了应用于高超声速飞行器中的陶瓷复合材料与结构的未来发展方向。Thermal protection systems, which are correlated to the safety of hypersonic vehicles, are one of the most critical techniques in design and manufacture of hypersonic vehicles. Ceramic composites are ideal materials used in thermal protection systems due to their high chemical and structural stability at extremely high operating temperatures. This paper reviews some ceramic composites and their structures that are applied to hypersonic flight vehicles, and summarizes the development and application on the preparation, oxidation resistance, mechanical and physical characterization of the composite materials. An integrated thermal protection system was discussed in details. The challenges for development and application of ceramic composite materials in hypersonic vehicles were mentioned. In addition, further developments of ceramic composite materials were also highlighted for hypersonic flight vehicles.

关 键 词：陶瓷隔热瓦 陶瓷防热材料 防热-隔热一体化 梯度化 抗氧化 

分 类 号：V244.1[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]