南瓜未受精胚珠的离体培养及植株再生  

In Vitro Culture of Pumpkin Unfertilized Ovules and Plant Regeneration

作　　者：孙守如[1] 章鹏[1] 胡建斌[1] 孙利萍[1] 张曼[1] 孙治强[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学园艺学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《植物学报》2013年第1期79-86,共8页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关项目(No.9210210016)

摘　　要：以南瓜(Cucurbita moschata)品种试验1号为材料,以未受精胚珠为外植体,研究了激素种类、外植体发育时期、高温预处理时间和AgNO3浓度对胚状体诱导的影响。结果表明,2,4-D、NAA和6-BA组合有利于胚状体的形成,出胚效果最好的培养基为MS+1.0mg·L-12,4-D+0.25mg·L-1NAA+0.5mg·L–16-BA,出胚率达31.1%;雌花开放当天的胚珠出胚率最高(26.7%),且愈伤组织形成频率低(<5%);外植体在黑暗、高温(35°C)条件下处理5天有利于胚状体的形成,出胚率为32.2%。培养基中添加AgNO3对胚状体形成的抑制作用明显。胚状体转移至成苗培养基后可形成正常小苗,出苗率最高可达64.3%,植株再生过程经历了典型的胚胎发育途径。细胞学观察结果表明,胚状体极有可能起源于胚囊珠孔端的细胞,即卵细胞或助细胞。We used unfertilized ovules of the pumpkin cultivar ＇Experiment 1＇ as explants to examine the effect of com- binations and concentrations of growth regulators, different developmental periods, high-temperature pretreatment, and AgNO3 concentrations on embryoid induction. The combination of 2,4-D, NAA, and 6-BA favoured embryoid induction; the medium with the best effect was Murishige and Skoog （MS）＋1.0 mg.L-12,4-D＋0.25 mg＇L-1NAA＋0.5 mg＇L-1 6-BA, for 31.1% embryoid induction. The flowering ovules for the day showed the highest frequency of embryoid induction （26.7%） and the lowest frequency of callus formation （〈5%）. The explants treated with darkness and high temperature （35℃） for 5 days showed the best embryoid induction, 32.2%. However, the addition of AgNO3 remarkably inhibited embryoid induction. Transfer of embryoids to plant-regeneration medium led to the highest regeneration frequency, 64.3%. Plant regen-eration expressed a typical pathway as for embryogenesis. Cytologic observations revealed that embryoids probably derived from cells close to the micropyle （i.e., ovums or synergids）.

关 键 词：胚状体 离体培养 植株再生 南瓜 未受精胚珠 

分 类 号：S642.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]