黄、渤海扁玉螺(Neverita didyma)表型变异分析  

ANALYSIS OF PHENOTYPIC VARIATION OF NEVERITA DIDYMA IN THE YELLOW SEA AND BOHAI SEA

作　　者：孙振兴[1] 宋志乐 杨建敏[3] 常林瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院,烟台264025 [2]烟台市芝罘区渔业技术推广站,烟台264001 [3]山东省海洋水产研究所,烟台264006

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2012年第6期1163-1169,共7页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划项目;2008GG10005023号;鲁东大学学科建设基金资助项目;2009-2012

摘　　要：采用多变量形态分析方法,对黄、渤海海域的丹东、烟台、青岛、赣榆、昌黎和莱州6个地理居群的扁玉螺的表型形态变异进行了研究。主成分分析构建了3个主成分,第一、第二和第三主成分的贡献率分别为41.68%、28.45%和27.67%,累计贡献率达97.80%。聚类分析结果显示,烟台居群与青岛居群之间的形态最为接近,二者首先聚为一支;丹东居群与赣榆居群聚为另一分支;昌黎居群、莱州居群与其它居群的趋异程度较大。方差分析和Duncan's多重比较表明,扁玉螺各居群之间的若干形态差异显著(P<0.05)。利用逐步判别法进行判别分析,建立了6个居群的判别函数,判别准确率P1为52.9%—86.5%,P2为52.4%—89.1%,综合判别准确率为74.4%。上述结果显示,6个居群的扁玉螺在表型形态上已出现了一定程度的变异,壳高、壳顶至胼胝高是反映其形态变异的主要性状,但各居群间的变异尚未分化到亚种水平。The phenotypic morphological variations in six geographical populations ofNeverita didyma were analyzed by using the multivariate analysis method. The samples of the six populations were taken from the offshores of Dandong （DD）, Yantai （YT）, Qingdao （QD）, Ganyu （GY）, Changli （CL） and Laizhou （LZ） in the Yellow sea and Bohai sea of China, respectively. Three principal components （PC） were constructed in the analysis. The contributory ratio of the PC 1, PC2 and PC3 was 41.68%, 28.45% and 27.67% respectively, and the cumulative contributory ratio was 97.80%. The results of cluster analysis indicated that the morphological characters were rather similar between the populations of YT and QD, they clustered into one clade at first. The populations of DD and GY formed another clade, whereas the CL and LZ populations differed greatly from other populations. ANOVA and Duncan＇s multiple comparison revealed that the six populations differed significantly in some morphological characters （P〈0.05）. The discrimination functions of the six populations were constructed with stepwise method. Further, the discrimination accuracy was 52.9%-86.5% for P1 and 52.4%-89.1% for P2, the integrative discrimination accuracy was 74.4%. In this paper, all the results indicate that there is a morphological variation of some extent among the six populations of N. didyma, the shell height and the height between apex and callus were chiefly characteristics of variation. But these variations of six populations have not yet reached the level of different subspecies.

关 键 词：扁玉螺 表型变异 主成分分析 判别分析 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] Q953[生物学—动物学]