老年住院患者多重用药调查分析与对策  

Investigation and Strategies for Poly-pharmacy in the Hospitalized Senile Patients

作　　者：金福碧[1] 郑和昕[1] 林玲萍[1] 徐美月[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江医院,杭州310013

出　　处：《浙江中医药大学学报》2012年第12期1360-1363,共4页Journal of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University

摘　　要：[目的]了解老年住院患者多重用药现状,提高医护人员、患者及家属对多重用药危害性的认知,为开展有针对性的行为干预和健康教育提供依据。[方法]随机抽取本院2011年8月、9月某日65岁以上416例内科住院患者口服药物长期医嘱执行单,统计患者的基本情况、疾病诊断、口服药物服用种类和数量及药物不良反应(ADR)。[结果]老年住院患者疾病诊断在4种以上者占68.3%,服用5种及其以上药物的患者占95.7%。日服药种类≥16种的ADR发生率高达64.1%,服药数量≥36粒的ADR发生率高达77.5%,随服药品种、数量增加,药物不良反应递增。[结论]多病共存、多重用药在老年患者中广泛存在,需要引起医护人员重视。多方合作,加强护患教育与药品监管,以提高老年患者口服用药护理安全。[Objective] To investigate the present state of poly-pharmacy in the hospitalized senile patients and enhance the hospital faculty,patients and their relatives＇ recognition of the harmfulness of poly-pharmacy.[Methods] We randomly extracted the long term medical order for 416 internal medicine ward inpatients aged over 65 during August and September,2011 in our hospital.We recorded and analysed the patients,baseline state,diagnosis of disease,the class and amount of oral medications,and adverse drug reaction.[Results] The diagnosis of disease more than 4 accounted for 68.3% in the aged inpatients meanwhile the proportion of taking over 5 kinds of medications reached 95.7%.The incidence rate for ADR among patients who took over 16 kinds of oral medication and over 36 pills a day reached 64.1%,77.5% respectively.[Conclusion] There are ubiquitous phenomena now of multi-disease coexistence and poly-pharmacy in the elderly inpatients.With the increase of the class and amount of pills taken,the ADR increases too.Multilateral cooperation,education and drug supervision are emphasized to improve the oral medication safety in the aged.

关 键 词：老年患者 多重用药 用药安全 药物不良反应 护理 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]