光杠杆法测定金属的线胀系数  

Measure Metallic Linear Expansion Coefficient by Optical Lever Method

作　　者：唐军杰[1] 杨翼[1] 肖鸿宇[1] 缪俊茜[1] 赵昆[1] 王爱军[1] 吴冲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学,北京102249

出　　处：《现代科学仪器》2012年第6期155-156,共2页Modern Scientific Instruments

基　　金：中国石油大学(北京)基本科研基金资助

摘　　要：利用光杠杆的放大原理推导出金属线胀系数的理论公式,基于理论公式搭建了测量金属线胀系数的简易实验装置。本文所采用的水浴加热法使铜丝上的温度均匀,继而用光杠杆法准确测量出不同温度下铜丝的微小变化量,从而测出铜丝样品的线胀系数。最后通过相对误差及不确定度的计算,说明了本文所提供的实验方法是可行的、值得推广。This article deduced the formula of linear expansion coefficient of metal using light lever magnifying principle,and a simple experimental device,which based on the theoretical formula,was builded to measure the metal linear expansion coefficient.The simple device introduced the water bath heating method which made the temperature uniformity on the copper wire,and measured accurately tiny changes of copper wire at different temperature by the optical lever method,then measured the linear expansion coefficient of copper wire.Finally,this article illustrates the available experimental method is feasible and is worthy for popularizing through calculation of the relative error and uncertainty.

关 键 词：光杠杆法 线胀系数 水浴加热 

分 类 号：O482.23[理学—固体物理]