某院2010～2011年抗菌药物应用及细菌耐药监测分析  

Analysis of Antibiotic Application and Drug Resistance Monitoring in A Hospital from 2010 to 2011

作　　者：王黎青[1] 杜洁仪[2] 邓勋[1] 童菲[1] 喻珊珊[1] 王勇[1] 张忠义[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学珠江医院药剂科 [2]南方医科大学药学院,广东广州510282

出　　处：《今日药学》2012年第12期732-737,共6页Pharmacy Today

摘　　要：目的分析本院2011年实施抗生素整治后抗菌药物使用情况与细菌耐药率的变迁情况,以指导临床抗菌药物的合理使用。方法调取本院2010年及2011年的抗菌药物使用量并计算用药频度(DDDs),统计分析2011年抗菌药物整治后抗菌药物使用情况的变化;并对同期临床分离的细菌分布、药敏监测数据进行统计对比分析。结果 2011年抗菌药物总用量比2010年减少,主要是头孢菌素类以及β-内酰胺酶抑制剂复方制剂的用量明显下降。两年来细菌感染均以革兰阴性菌为首位,但革兰阳性菌所占比例呈现略微上升趋势;除粪肠球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌对某些药物的耐药率提高外,其它常见的革兰阴性菌株耐药率有所降低或无明显改变。结论经过2011年抗菌药物合理应用整治后,本院抗菌药物使用总用量明显减少,并逐渐趋于合理化;2010年与2011年于本院就诊的患者所感染细菌在病原学分布上没有显著改变,但耐药率有明显的改变。抗菌药物的合理使用有利于降低细菌对抗菌药物的耐药率。Objective To analyze the application of antibiotics and bacterial isolates and the characteristics of drug resistance in the hospital from 2010 to 2011 after specific rectifications of antibiotics for the better use of antimicrobial agent.Methods The applications of antibiotics in the hospital from 2010 to 2011 were evaluated by calculating DDDs.The bacterial distribution and drug resistance rate was statistically analyzed in the corresponding period.Results The total amount of antibacterial drugs decreased in 2011,mainly counted on the application of cephalosporins and β-lactamase inhibitor compounds.The bacterial infections in 2 years are caused mainly by Gram-negative bacteria,but the proportion of Gram-positive bacteria caused infections showed a slight upward trend.The drug resistance rates of Enterococcus and Acinetobacter baumannii rose a little bit.The other bacteria drug resistant rates decreased or were not found any obvious change.Conclusions After specific rectifications of antibiotics,the total application amount of antibacterial drugs decreased and the application of antibiotics was getting more rational.The bacterial distribution did not change,but obvious change was found in bacterial drug resistance rate from 2010 to 2011.Rational application of antibacterials is of benefit to control the bacteria drug resistance.

关 键 词：抗菌药物 DDDS 细菌耐药率 抗生素专项整治 

分 类 号：R97[医药卫生—药品]