阴山北麓农田防风固土生物篱网营建技术  

Biological Hedge Construction for Windbreak and Soil Fixation in the Northern Area of Yinshan Mountain

作　　者：赵沛义[1,2,3] 妥德宝[1,2,3] 李焕春[1,2,3] 段玉[1,2,3] 弓钦 张君[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]农业部农牧交错带生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]内蒙古旱作农业重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [3]内蒙古农牧业科学院资源环境与检测技术研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [4]乌兰察布市土壤肥料工作站,内蒙古集宁区012000

出　　处：《畜牧与饲料科学》2012年第11期97-98,102,共3页Animal Husbandry and Feed Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD09B02);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40661009)

摘　　要：针对阴山北麓农牧交错带马铃薯种植面积不断增加,冬春季节地表大面积裸露、表土疏松,与同期风大风多、降水稀少的自然特点叠加,导致土壤风蚀日趋严重的现状,在多年带状留茬间作轮作技术研究的基础上,研究集成生物篱网营建技术。研究发现,在大面积种植马铃薯田块间隔插入易留茬作物后,与残茬带间隔分布的不同带田宽度间作裸地在宽度小于8.4m时,土壤风蚀量与大面积裸地相比有效降低;当宽度大于10.0m后,土壤风蚀量呈直线上升趋势,但在带状留茬间作农田中隔3～5带将适宜北方旱地种植的油用向日葵按照1m(3行)的带田宽度或驼绒藜按照1m(2行)的带田宽度插入,利用油用向日葵秆或驼绒藜与作物留茬带的双重防护,可以使残茬对裸露地带的保护作用从8.4m宽增加到15.0m宽,解决了部分地块宽度大于8.4m后风蚀量加大的问题。Biological hedge construction was conducted according to the vast uncovered and loosed soil after harvesting potatoes, the wind erosion, strong wind, scarce rainfall, especially during the winter and spring. The results showed that the wind erosion is serious in the north ecotone. When the bare field width is less than 8.4 m the wind erosion in it is decreased significantly by the adjacent crop stubble. But the wind erosion is increased linearly when the bare field is wider than 10.0 m. When 3 lines （ 1 m）oil sunflower or 2 lines （ 1 m）Ceratoides arborescens are planted adjacent to the stubble, the wind erosion can be decreased more, so the wind erosion in the bare field is decreased significantly even the bare field width is up to 15.0 m.

关 键 词：旱作农田 土壤风蚀 生物篱 营建技术 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]