饲粮色氨酸水平对蛋鸡生产性能、抗氧化性能及内分泌激素的影响  

Effects of dietary tryptophan levels on performance,antioxidant ability and endocrine hormones of laying hens

作　　者：袁超[1] 宋华惠[1] 蒋媛婧[1] 邹晓庭[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学饲料科学研究所 农业部动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室

出　　处：《饲料与畜牧（新饲料）》2013年第1期26-29,共4页

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(20093006-03-07);国家十二五科技支撑项目(2011BAD26B03)

摘　　要：为了探讨饲粮色氨酸水平对蛋鸡生产性能及血清生化指标的影响,试验将720羽300日龄罗曼蛋鸡随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复48羽。对照组饲喂色氨酸含量为0.16%的基础日粮,试验Ⅰ～Ⅳ组在基础日粮的基础上分别添加400mg/kg、800mg/kg、1,200mg/kg、1,600mg/kgL-色氨酸,使色氨酸水平分别达到0.2%、0.24%、0.28%和0.32%,预饲1周,试验期49d。结果表明,试验Ⅰ组产蛋率显著高于对照组和其他试验组(P<0.05),各组间平均蛋重、平均日采食量和料蛋比均无显著差异(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组血清丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);各组间血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性无显著差异(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组血清、肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);各组间肝脏组织MDA含量及SOD活性均无显著差异(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ组蛋鸡血清三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)含量显著高于对照组和其他试验组(P<0.05);各组间血清甲状腺素(T4)和促甲状腺素(TSH)含量均差异不显著(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组血清中促卵泡素(FSH)含量均显著高于对照组和其他试验组(P<0.05);试验I～Ⅲ组血清中雌二醇(E2)含量均显著高于对照组和试验Ⅳ组(P<0.05),其中试验I组血清E2含量最高;各组间血清中促黄体素(LH)含量无显著差异(P<0.05)。结果提示,在蛋鸡日粮中添加适宜水平的色氨酸,有助于提高机体酶系统的抗氧化能力和促进性腺激素的释放,提高蛋白质的利用率以提高蛋鸡生产性能。Seven hundred and twenty 300-day-old ROM laying hens were randomly divided into five groups each with 3 replicates of 48 layers. Control group fed with a basal corn-soybean meal diet containing 0.16% tryptophan and the treatment groups fed with the similar diets whose tryptophan levels were 0.20%, 0.24%, 0.28% and 0.32% under the same circumstances for 7 weeks. The results showed that the laying rate in group [ was the highest of all groups（P〈0.05）, there were no significant differences among the groups in average egg weight, average daily feed intake and feed-egg rate（P〉0.05）. Serum malondialdehyde（MDA） concentrations of group I and group II were significantly low compared with the control（P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference among the groups in serum superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity（P〉0.05）. Serum and liver glutathion peroxidase（GSH-Px） activities of group I and group II were significant high compared with the control（P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference among the groups in liver MDA concentration（P〉0.05）. Serum level of triiodothyronine（T3） of group I was significant high compared with the control and the other treatments（P〈0.05）, there were no significant difference among the groups in serum levels of thyroxine（T4） and thyroid stimulating hormone（TSH）（P〉0.05）. Serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone（FSH） of group I and group II were significantly high compared with the control and the other treatments（P〈0.05）. Serum levels of estradiol（E2） of group I to group Ill were significantly high compared with the control and group IV （P〈0.05）, and it is the highest in group I. There was no significant difference among the groups in serum level of luteinizing hormone（LH）（P〉0.05）. The results indicate that tryptophan can promote the production performance of laying hens through enhancing antioxidation, gonadotropin release and protein availability.

关 键 词：蛋鸡 生产性能 抗氧化性能 内分泌激素 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]