面向网构软件的环境显式化技术  

Explicit environmental constructs for Internetware

作　　者：吕建[1,2] 马晓星[1,2] 陶先平[1,2] 黄宇[1,2] 余萍[1,2] 许畅[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室,南京210046 [2]南京大学计算机软件研究所,南京210046

出　　处：《中国科学：信息科学》2013年第1期1-23,共23页Scientia Sinica(Informationis)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2009CB320702);国家自然科学基金创新群体(批准号:61021062)资助项目

摘　　要：网构化软件处于开放、动态、难控的环境之中,需能感知并适应环境的变化,以持续提供用户满意的服务.传统软件构造技术缺乏对环境感知和适应的系统支持.本文在前期工作基础上,提出一种面向网构软件的软件结构,通过为软件系统配备先验的环境模型和环境规约来实现环境处理的显式化.进而,介绍了我们使用这种方式来处理开放环境之分布异步性、感知信息的不一致性以及环境中人类用户行为特性等的若干具体技术进展.而后,讨论了一种先验环境模型及环境规约的开发方法原理,给出了相应的环境驱动逻辑的静态表达与运行实现机制.该方法和机制可较好地支持环境处理与应用业务逻辑间的关注分离.Situated in open, dynamic and uncertain network environments, Internetware systems must be able to sense the changes in their running environments and adapt themselves accordingly. This paper proposes to encode environmental knowledge a priori with environment models and environment specifications, and to include them as explicit parts of Internetware systems. We discuss how to use this approach to address some import issues of open environments： understanding the distributed and asynchronous nature of the environments, detecting and resolving context inconsistencies and recognizing human activities. We also come up with a preliminary methodology for the development of environment models and specifications and the corresponding implementation mechanism, which provides a good concern separation between environment handling and business logic.

关 键 词：网构软件 环境显式化 分布性 一致性 自适应 

分 类 号：TP311.5[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]