行政责令行为法律规范分析及立法规范  

An Analysis of the Legal Provisions and Legal Legislation on Administrative Orders

作　　者：胡建淼[1,2] 胡晓军[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家行政学院法学教学部,北京100089 [2]浙江大学光华法学院,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2013年第1期101-111,共11页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目(09JDDF003YB);2008年浙江省"钱江人才"计划项目(205000-F40801)

摘　　要：责令行为规范普遍存在于现行法律中,责令行为规范可分为司法责令规范和行政责令规范。行政责令规范可进一步分为内部行政责令规范和外部行政责令规范。通过对行政责令行为内涵的考量,可以确立特定的界分基准,将外部责令行为中的处罚性责令行为与命令性责令行为进行明确区分。根据法律规范中"制裁"要素的结构,可将具有行政命令性的责令行为规范分为五种类型,不同结构类型体现出不同的法律规范功能。现行的行政责令行为规范存在词义界定不明确、结构选用不合理、行为配置不科学等诸多问题,有必要构建典型的行政责令行为规范模型,以推动行政责令法律规范的统一性、规范性和科学性。Order provisions,a common part of the current law,can be divided into provisions of judicial order and those of administrative order.The provisions of administrative order can be further divided into inner order actions and external order actions.An examination of the connotation of the administrative order action may lead to the establishment of specific standards,with the help of which the external order actions can clearly be classified into penalty order actions and non-penalty order actions. It is necessary to classify order actions before their nature can be determined.The nature of ＂ordering for suspension＂ can be classified from the following three aspects.First,＂ordering for suspension＂ with a penalty nature can only be made after legal qualification has been obtained.Secondly,the overall suspension of the party＇s business shall be classified as penalty order action,while the order to suspend illegal business shall be classified as non-penalty order action.Finally,ordering to suspend non-production and non-business activities is not equal to ＂ordering for suspension of production or business,＂ nor does it have the attributes of administrative penalty.The nature of other order actions can be judged from the punitive features of the administrative penalty. Generally,the structure of legal legislation is composed of three elements：the assumed element,the processing element and the sanctionative element.According to the structure of the ＂sanctionative element＂ in the order provision,non-penalty order actions are categorized into five types,namely,unconstrained single order structure,constrained single order structure,selecting punishment structure,conditioning punishment structure and punishment structure.Different types of structure reflect different functions of regulation. The current provisions of administrative order have some demerits,such as inaccurate term definition,unreasonable structure choice,and unscientific action establishment.Specifically speaking,the ＂order＂ in some p

关 键 词：责令行为 规范结构 行政命令 行政处罚 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]