句法角色与话题性对实体突显性的影响  

The Effect of Grammatical Roles and Discourse Topichoodon Referent Prominence

作　　者：陈伟英[1] 皮姆.马克 泰德.桑德斯 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]乌特勒支大学语言学研究所

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2013年第1期122-134,共13页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(10YJC740013);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目;浙江省社会科学界联合会重点研究课题(2009Z03)

摘　　要：句法角色与话题性都会影响语篇实体的突显性程度。采用汉语续写实验,将实验句置于语境之中,在句法角色恒定条件下操控话题性和指称形式等变量,可探察实体作为语篇话题和非话题在续写时的表征趋势,即重述形式。实验发现,在续写初期,话题性不能影响实体的重述,它与句法角色之间无交互作用;在续写后期,话题性确实对实体重述起到一定作用。此外,目标句给定指称形式虽然不影响实体重述,但在一定条件下会影响被试对重述形式的选择。A crucial component of natural language comprehension involves connecting clauses and phrases together in order to establish a coherent discourse.There are two kinds of coherence：relational coherence and referential coherence.The latter means the establishment of coherence by the use of referring expressions.Different languages have different ways to express an entity,such as noun phrase,pronoun or zero.They also have different preferences while expressing entities which vary according to the prominence in the cognitive state.If an entity is more prominent,usually a reduced linguistic form is preferred,like a zero in Chinese and a pronoun in English.If an entity is less prominent,a more specific form like a noun phrase is preferred. Linguistic and psycholinguistic studies on referential coherence have shown and claimed that referent prominence is related to its predictability：first,the way it is expressed;second,the likelihood of being mentioned in the continuation（i.e.the likelihood of upcoming mention）.The higher prominence an entity has,the more predictable it is and the more likely it is to be continued in the subsequent discourse. Studies are done on factors which determine the prominence of a discourse entity in question.One well-known account of discourse processing with implications on pronominal resolution is Centering Theory,which predicts that pronouns prefer to have antecedents in subject position instead of entities in object position.On the other hand,Accessibility Theory states that in natural discourse,topics（mainly discourse topics） constitute the most salient entities more often than not.Of these two factors,grammatical role is regarded as a local determinant while the latter,discourse topichood a global one. Based on these insights,this paper teases apart relevant factors and explores their effects and interactions on referent prominence,using a continuation experiment in Chinese.The grammatical roles of entities remain constant but the topicality and reference forms are manipulated

关 键 词：实体突显性 句法角色 话题性 重述 指称形式 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]