基于投入产出价格影响模型的水价调整影响  

Impact of water price adjustment based on input-output price model

作　　者：倪红珍[1] 王浩[1] 赵博[2] 马伟[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]辽宁省水利水电科学研究院,沈阳110003 [3]山东水利职业学院,日照276826

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2013年第2期363-369,共7页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2006CB403408);水利部公益性行业科研专项(200801023);水重大(2011)-1-2

摘　　要：运用国民经济投入产出的价格影响模型,以北京市为例,分析水价单独变化与联动变化对其它经济部门产品或服务价格和水费率的影响,为制定有效缓解水资源供求矛盾的水价政策提供定量分析依据.计算结果显示:假设各类供水部门价格相互独立、不受其它部门价格的影响,各类水价提高对非供水部门的影响较弱,主要对居民、行政事业及部分高用水服务业的价格影响相对较大,影响最大的是教育事业.在独立供水部门水价变动的影响中,工商业水价变动对各部门水费影响最大;污水处理业价格上涨对使用再生水行业水费率影响相对明显.各类水价同时提高一倍,除居民水费占消费总支出的比例略高于1%外,非供水部门的水费率仍低于0.5%.以居民承受能力最低限水费率2%为目标,若各部门用水总量保持不变,水价至少还应有3倍以上的上涨空间,水价提升不会对经济社会产生大的波动.大力进行水价改革,是节约用水的必要和迫切的手段.Using the input-output price model, Beijing as an example, calculated the effect of water price＇s single and integrated fluctuation on price of goods or services and water fee rate in other economic sectors. Which can helps to make effective price policies to relieve stress of water supply. The results show, assuming all kinds of water price independent, unaffected by other departments, the price impact is weak caused by water price increasing; it is more obvious impact on resident, administrative and public accounting, and partial high duty of water services from various water price changes, the impact on education is the biggest. The most obvious influence to water fee rate comes from the industry and commerce water price fluctuation. The results also show, water fee rate of recycled water industry increase more obviously than other sectors when sewage treatment industry price increasing. If all kinds of water price doubled, the proportion which is the total water fee to water consumption expenditure is still less than 0.5% for non- watersupply sectors, except for resident which proportion is slightly higher than 1%. The results tell us, if the water consumption of each department keep unchanged, the water price at least might has 3 times rising space, as well as the water fee rate change to 2% which is minimum standard bearing capacity of the users; and water price increasing will not produce large impact in economic society. Vigorously for water saving, the water price reform is necessary and exigent measures.

关 键 词：水价波动 价格影响 水费率 上涨空间 

分 类 号：F407.9[经济管理—产业经济]