矮败小麦在新疆的性状表现及分析  

A Study on Agronomic Traits of Dwarf Male - sterile Wheat Population in Xinjiang

作　　者：李召锋[1,2] 李卫华[1,2] 李诚[1,2] 石培春[1,2] 费聪[1] 曹连莆[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]石河子大学麦类作物研究所,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2013年第1期27-32,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：石河子大学动植物育种专项(gxja2011-yz07);石河子大学动植物育种专项(gxjs2011-yz03);新疆生产建设兵团"十二五"小麦育种专项(2011BA002)

摘　　要：[目的]为在新疆更好地利用矮败小麦开展轮回选择提供有益的参考。[方法]2011～2012年采取田间种植的方法,分别研究育性、株高、农艺性状和异交结实率,并对其原因进行分析。[结果]矮败小麦败育彻底、不育性稳定;不育株和可育株植株高度有交叉,存在中间类型;矮化发生在矮秆株发育早期和晚期;影响异交结实率的因素较多,花期不遇是异交结实率低的主要原因。[结论]Rht10基因的表达受遗传背景的修饰,表现为不完全显性,与环境存在互作。错期播种和人工辅助授粉是提高不育株异交结实率的重要方法。[ Objective ] The research aimed to understand the agronomic traits of dwarf male - sterile in Xinjiang, which might provide the guidance for recurrent selection. [ Method ] Traits of plant fertility, plant height, agronomic traits and crossing fertility were investigated, and the influencing factors were analyzed as well. This experiment was conducted in the field in Shihezi during 2011 - 2012. [ Result] The fertility of Dwarfing male- sterile wheat was exhaustive and stable; There are many plants with medium height which have two different kinds of fertility; The dwarfs take place at early stage and later period for male - sterile plants; The crossing fertility of dwarfing male - sterile wheat was affected by many factors, among which, the most important factor was flowering infertility. [ Conclusion] The results indicated that the expression of Rht10 was decorated by genetic background, and at the same time, interaction of genotype and environment could exist. Intermission seeding and artificial supplementary pollination play an important role to improve crossing fertility.

关 键 词：矮败小麦 株高 异交结实率 性状 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]