蔷薇科中5种多毛小蠹寄主植物的挥发物成分研究  

Volatile Constituents of Five Rosaceous Host Plants of Scolytus seulensis

作　　者：任龙[1] 许志春[1] 田呈明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2013年第1期100-105,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目(200840102-04)

摘　　要：[目的]系统研究多毛小蠢5种蔷薇科寄主:巴旦杏树、李树、苹果树、桃树以及杏树等5种果树的挥发性物质,为多毛小蠢植物源引诱剂的开发提供依据。[方法]采用动态顶空和气相色谱-质谱联用技术,对5种寄主植物的挥发性物质进行采集,检测和分析。[结果]5种植物分别鉴定出83种挥发性物质,主要有醛类、烯类、醇类、酮类、酯类等,各树种的挥发物中醛类物质最为丰富。5种植物共有的化合物有9种,分别为异戊醛、己醛、庚醛、苯甲醛、辛醛、壬醛、甲基庚烯酮、α-蒎烯和反-2-癸烯醇。[结论]5种蔷薇科果树的挥发性物质多为一般性气味组分,各树种的挥发物种类和含量各不相同。与其它植物的挥发性物质相比,蔷薇科果树以高含量的醛类物质挥发为特点,构成其特异的化学指纹图谱。[ Objective]Scolytus seulensis is an important boring insect and a major threat to five kinds of Rosaceae trees ： Amygdalus communi , Prunus salicina , Malus pumila ,Amygdalus persica , Prunus armeniaca. We here tried to identify and analyze the volatiles from five kinds of Rosaceae trees in order to provide information for finding the behavioral chemicals for this bark beetle. [ Method ] The volatiles from five important host plant trees were analyzed by using ATD - GC - MS. The relative levels of each chemical component were determined by applying normalization methods. [ Result ] In total, 18 different compounds were identified in the Amygdalus communis, 12 were present in Prunus salicina, 17 in Malus pumila, 22 in Amygdalus persica, 24 in Prunus armeniaca. They fall into five categories： alkenes, aldehydes, alcohols, ketones and esters. The major volatile components of these five plants were alkenes. Importantly, 9 of the volatile components were common to all five plants. They were 3 - Methylbutyraldehyde, Hexanal, Heptaldehyde, alpha - pinene, Benzaldehyde, methyl - heptenone, Octylaldehyde, Nonylaldehyde, Decenol. [ Conclusion] Volatiles of each tree species is different in type and content, but volatiles of the five kinds of plants have a common characteristic, they all have highest concentrations of aldehydes. These substances may constitute a specific chemical fingerprint of the Rosaceae trees.

关 键 词：蔷薇科植物 挥发物 动态顶空-气质联用 多毛小蠹 

分 类 号：S763.1[农业科学—森林保护学]