进食和慢性疾病对住院老年人餐后血压的影响  

Effect of food intake and chronic diseases on postprandial blood pressure in hospitalized elderly patients

作　　者：刘学员[1] 卢水焕[1] 黄心元[1] 唐慧明[1] 唐伟雄[1] 周锦池[1] 赵蕾[1] 李水晴[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军181医院干部病房,桂林541002

出　　处：《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》2013年第2期147-150,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart,Brain and Vessel Diseases

摘　　要：目的探讨进食和慢性疾病对住院老年人餐后血压的影响。方法餐前15min测1次血压,进第1口饭开始计时,20、40、60、90和120min各测血压1次,以餐后血压变化最大值作为餐后血压,将152例患者分为高血压组(127例)和无高血压组(25例),餐前高血压与餐前血压正常者,服用降压药与未服用降压药者。观察年龄、降压药物及主要慢性疾病对餐后低血压(PPH)的影响。结果餐后20、40、60、90和120min发生PPH分别为60、81、93、81和83例,5个时间点比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.004);与餐前血压正常者餐后收缩压变化最大值比较,餐前高血压者收缩压下降幅度大(P=0.000);早餐后收缩压变化最大值与脑卒中、服用降压药物及年龄相关(P=0.017,P=0.050,P=0.019);晚餐后收缩压变化最大值与冠心病相关(P=0.037);早餐后舒张压变化最大值与脑卒中、下肢静脉曲张及服用降压药物相关(P=0.009,P=0.033,P=0.047)。结论餐后60min易发生PPH,餐前高血压患者餐后血压下降幅度较大,餐后血压变化与脑卒中、冠心病、下肢静脉曲张、服用降压药物及年龄有关。Objective To study the effect of food intake and chronic diseases on postprandial blood pressure in hospitalized elderly patients. Methods Blood pressure measured at 15 min before food intake was defined as preprandial blood pressure. Blood pressure measured at the beginning,20, 40,60,90, and 120 min of food intake was defined as postprandial blood pressure. The 152 patients were divided into hypertension group （n = 127） and non-hypertension group （n = 25） which was further divided into preprandial normal hypertension group, postprandial normal blood pressure group,hypotensor administration group and non-hypotensor administration group. Effect of age, hypotensors and major chronic diseases on postprandial hypotension was observed. Results Post- prandial hypotension occurred at 20,40,60,90 ,and 120 min in 60,81,93,81 ,and 83 patients after food intake（P= 0. 004）. The preprandial hypertension was significantly different from the post- prandial systoloc blood pressure （SBP） in those with normal preprandial blood pressure （P- 0. 000）. Partial correlation analysis showed that the preprandial SBP after breakfast was related with cerebral stroke,oral hypotensors and age（P=0. 017,P=0. 050,P--0. 019）. The SBP after dinner was related with coronary heart disease（P=0. 037） whereas the diastolic blood pressure after breakfast was related with cerebral stroke, varicose vein of lower extremity and oral hypo- tensors（P = 0. 009, P = O. 033, P = 0. 047）. Conclusion Hypotension is easy to occur 60 minutes after food intake. The postprandial blood pressure decreases significantly in those with preprandial hypertension. Postprandial blood pressure is related with cerebral stroke, coronary heart disease, varicose vein of lower extremity, administration of hypertensors,and age.

关 键 词：高血压 饭后期间 血压测定 低血压 卒中 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]