经典体视学:基本功能、独特应用与标准化应用  

Classical Stereology: basic capabilities,state-of-art applications and standardization

作　　者：刘国权[1,2] 王浩[1] 肖翔[1] 马文斌[1] 魏海莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院 [2]新金属材料国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《中国体视学与图像分析》2012年第4期293-300,共8页Chinese Journal of Stereology and Image Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51071019);国家科技条件基础条件平台建设项目(2005DKA32800)的经费资助

摘　　要：经典体视学(又称金相体视学、定量金相学)为20世纪金属学与材料科学的定量化革命做出了巨大贡献。然而,在基于设计的所谓新体视学方法相当丰富、计算材料科学与三维材料科学等材料科学新分支不断问世和发展的今天,不免也出现了诸如"经典体视学是否过时了"之类的疑惑。本文从体视学的基本原理与基本功能出发,以"假定没有体视学"的反向设问,对经典体视学在材料科学以及材料基因组工程中的当今价值进行了科学分析;进而对经典体视学原理的创新应用、体视学应用的规范化和标准化等作了进一步探讨,提出了自己的一些建议,希望对体视学在材料科学与工程中应用不够熟悉的年青学者和科技工作者有所启发。Classical Stereology, or called stereological metallography and quantitative metallography, made significant contribution to the quantitative revolution of physical metallurgy and materials science in the 20th century. Afterwards, more and more design - based stereology methods appeared, computational materials science and new techniques for direct observation of three dimensional structures emerged and developed, the following question is raised： ,Is the classical stereology already out-of-date？ With the re- verse question ＂What would happen if no stereology anymore？＂ and a brief review of the basic principles and capabilities, the former question is answered and the current value of classical stereology in materials science and in materials genome engineering is analyzed scientifically. Then, combined with probing into innovative applications as well as the normalization and standardization of stereology performance, the authors provide some positive suggestions, and hope that this article could lead the new generation of materials scientists and workers who are not very familiar with stereology to new insights into stereology.

关 键 词：体视学 定量金相 显微组织 定量表征 材料科学 材料基因组工程 

分 类 号：TG111[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]