四川省青海田鼠疫源地地震前后蚤类种群变化  

Population Variation of the Vole Flea on Microtus Fuscus Foci in Sichuan Province Before and After the Earthquake

作　　者：汪立茂[1] 杨孔[2] 谢飞[3] 谭文明[3] 杨创明[2] 祁腾[1] 李帆[1] 吴朝学[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041 [2]西南民族大学 [3]石渠县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2013年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目;项目批准号:31070380

摘　　要：目的分析地震前后四川省青海田鼠疫源地媒介蚤类种群变化,为做好鼠防工作提供对策。方法统计、分析四川省2005-2011年期间的鼠疫调查与监测资料。结果调查发现青海田鼠平均密度191.43只/ha,地震前后媒介蚤均以细钩盖蚤为主,占67.34%和61.56%,直缘双蚤指名亚种次之,占30.82%和38.12%,青海田鼠寄生蚤染蚤率地震前的9月(54.2%)和地震后的6月(55.24%)较高,而蚤指数以震前的9月(1.00)和震后5月(1.29)较高,染蚤率或蚤指数有一定的季节变化。检验媒介蚤8种、12 922匹,分离鼠疫菌3株,感染鼠疫的媒介蚤为细钩盖蚤。结论地震前后四川省青海田鼠疫源地蚤类种群有一定变化,地震前后染疫媒介蚤均有细菌分离,说明青海田鼠动物鼠疫持续存在,提示继续加强监测,严防人间鼠疫发生。Objective To provide strategies for plague prevention and control, based on the analysis of population variation of the vole flea on Microtus fuseus foci in Sichuan Province. Methods Monitoring data of plague through 2005 to 2011 was collected and analyzed. Results Average density of Microtus fuscus was 191.43/ha; Callopsylla sparsilis were main fleas, accounting for 67.34% and 61.56% before and after earthquake corre- spondingly; followed by Amphipsylla tuta tuta, accounting for 30. 82% and 38.12% respectively. Microtus fuscus vole flea infected rate was relatively high before the earthquake in September （54. 2% ） and in June of the following year （55.24%） ; flea index was relatively high before the earthquake in September （1.00） and higher after the earthquake in May of the following year （1.29） ; both flea - infected rate and Flea index were fluctuated seasonally. Eight vector flea soecies （ total of 12 922） were tested and 3 stocks of Yerslnia pestiswere separated. Callopsylla sparsiclis were infected by the plague vector fleas. Conclusion Microtus fuseus foci population of the fleas changed to some extent before and after the earthquake; the vector fleas were infected by Yersinia pestis before and after the earthquake, indica- ting that animal plague for Micmtus fuscus persisted con- tinuously. The results suggest the surveillance workshould be intensified to prevent occurrence of human plague.

关 键 词：青海田鼠 疫源地 蚤类 地震 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]