城市与农村肺结核患者就医行为和治疗依从性调查  

Investigation on healthcare seeking behaviors and compliance of tuberculosis patients in urban and rural areas

作　　者：赵颖[1] 罗兴能 李廷荣 李颖[3] 

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学护理学院,成都611137 [2]重庆市沙坪坝区疾病控制中心,400038 [3]第三军医大学社会医学与卫生事业管理学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《重庆医学》2013年第5期529-531,535,共4页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81006692)

摘　　要：目的了解城市与农村肺结核患者出现肺结核症状后的就医行为和确诊后的治疗依从性。方法采用问卷收集2011年11月至2012年5月重庆市沙坪坝区结核病防治科新诊断的肺结核患者的就医行为和治疗依从性的资料,采用Epidata录入数据,SPSS13.0进行统计分析。结果城市与农村的肺结核患者分别有98例和104例,以男性、青壮年患者为主。无论是农村还是城市,首次就诊选择结防机构的患者比例低(10%左右)。城市与农村的就诊延迟和确诊延迟均比较严重,就诊延迟率分别为60%和40%,确诊延迟率分别为48%和52%,就诊延迟在城市更为严重。就诊延迟的原因主要是自己不在乎和工作太忙。确诊为肺结核后有超过10%的患者治疗期间存在漏服药现象。结论肺结核患者的就医行为不良,特别是城市需进一步落实肺结核的健康促进工作,尤其是针对青壮年,以提高大众的肺结核知识知晓率和肺结核防治意识,使之出现症状后采取正确的就医行为和提高治疗依从性。Objective To investigate healtheare seeking behaviors and compliance of pulmonary tuberculosis（PTB） patients. Methods Questionnaires was used to collect information on seeking healthcare behaviors and compliance of PTB patients from No- vember 2011 to May 2012 in Shapingba district. Epidata was used to input the data and SPSS13.0 was used to analyze the data. Re- sults Among totally 202 PTB patients investigated,there were 98 patients from urban area and 104 patients from rural area,mainly young male patients. Only around 10% PTB patients selected TB dispensary for the first consultation. The proportion of hospitalize delay and diagnostic delay were 40% and 48% in rural area, 60% and 52% in urban area, respectively. The proportion of hospitalize delay in urban patients was more than that of rural area patients. More than 10% patients forgot to take anti-tuberculosis drugs. Conclusion Hospitalize delay and diagnostic delay among present PTB patients should still attract high attention in Shapingba dis- trict of Chongqing. TB health promotion should be strengthened further in order to improve TB knowledge in the public and make the patient take right behaviors once onset of symptoms.

关 键 词：结核 肺 就医行为 病人依从 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]