外资异质、吸收能力与创新绩效  

Heterogeneity of FDI,Absorptive Capacity and Innovative Performance

作　　者：马瑞超[1] 张鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学金融学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]江西财经大学经济学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《当代财经》2013年第2期98-107,共10页Contemporary Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"中国外商直接投资的区位选择与优化配置研究"(11CJY078)

摘　　要：改革开放以来大量FDI进入我国,但内资部门相对薄弱的吸收能力使得FDI技术溢出效应并不明显,我国技术创新的效率仍有待提高。文章在测算我国各省创新绩效的基础上,运用系统GMM广义距估计研究了在外资异质条件下吸收能力对创新绩效的影响。研究结果表明:吸收能力对创新绩效的提升具有双重作用,我国吸收的FDI总体上不利于吸收能力双重作用的发挥;港台FDI有助于提升我国企业的自主创新能力,但却不利于技术吸收,而欧美FDI则表现相反;外资技术含量过高不利于内资部门技术吸收,并会削弱本国自主创新能力;与中外合资、中外合作的企业形式相比,外商独资企业不利于内资部门技术吸收,并会产生一定程度的逆向技术溢出。Since the reform and opening, a large amount of FDI has flowed into China. But the relatively weak absorptive capacity of the domestic capital sectors makes the effect of FDI technology spillover not obvious and the efficiency of technology innovation remains to be improved. Based on the estimates of innovative performance in China＇ s provinces, this paper applies the generalized dis- tance estimation of systematic GMM to study the impact of absorptive capacity on innovative perfor- mance under foreign heterogeneous conditions. The results show that absorptive capacity has a dual role in the enhancement of the innovative performance; the FDI absorbed into China is not conducive to the dual effect of absorptive capacity in the mass. The FDI from Hong Kong and Taiwan is help- fill to the improvement of independent innovative capability of the mainland, but it is not conducive to technology absorption, while the FDI from Europe and the United States is on the opposite. If the technology content of foreign investment is too high, it is not conducive to the technology absorption by the domestic capital sector, and it will weaken their capability of independent innovation. Com- pared with other corporate forms of joint venRtres and cooperative enterprises, foreign-owned enterpris- es is not conducive to technology absorption of domestic capital sector, and to a certain extent, it will produce the reverse technology spillover.

关 键 词：吸收能力 创新绩效 外资特征 技术溢出 

分 类 号：F830.59[经济管理—金融学]