早产危险因素配对病例对照研究  

A matched case-control study on risk factors for premature delivery

作　　者：肖焕波[1] 邢艳梅 聂立华[1] 赵玉玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学燕京医学院,北京101300 [2]北京市顺义区妇幼保健院,北京101300

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2013年第2期182-183,186,共3页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

摘　　要：目的探讨基层医院早产发生的危险因素。方法采用以医院为基础的配对病例对照研究,按籍贯、分娩时间、年龄（±3岁）配对,共收集171例病例组和与病例组同期入院,年龄（±3岁）、户籍相同的足月分娩产妇对照组（171例）进行统一问卷调查。采用Epidata3.0建立数据库,用SPSS17.0软件进行单因素和多因素条件logistic回归模型分析。结果多因素条件logistic回归模型分析表明,产前检查大于或等于10次是早产保护因素（OR=0.037）;居住在农村（OR=3.267）、产次（OR=3.008）、孕期前3个月体质量增加大于或等于2~4 kg（OR=6.209）或大于或等于4 kg（OR=4.387）、妊娠高血压综合征（OR=38.278）、胎盘异常（OR=13.047）、胎膜早破（OR=5.852）是早产主要危险因素;孕晚期生殖系统感染（OR=7.450）是早产可疑的危险因素。结论应加强对婚育妇女的宣传教育。针对早产高危人群强调定期产前检查,积极治疗贫血、孕期生殖系统感染及妊娠并发症,尽量避免早产的发生。Objective To study the risk factors of premature delivery among grassroots hospitals.Methods The matched case-control study based on the grass-roots hospitals was adopted by matching according to the native place,delivery time and age（±3 years）.171 premature pregnant women as the observation group and contemporaneous matched full-term parturients as the control group were perfomed the uniform questionnaire survey.Database was established with Epidata 3.0 software.The univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis was carried out with SPSS 17.0 software.Results The multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that 10 or more than 10 times of antenatal examination were the protective factor of premature delivery[odds ratio（OR）=0.037].The main risk factors of premature delivery were living in rural areas（OR=3.267）,parity（OR=3.008）,body mass increase≥2-4 kg（OR=6.209）or≥4 kg（OR=4.387） in the first three months of pregnancy,pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome（PlH,OR=38.278）,placenta abnormality（OR=13.047）,premature rupture of membranes（OR=5.852）.Genital system infection in late pregnancy（OR=7.450）was the suspicious risk factor of premature delivery.Conclusion Publicity and education should be strengthened to fertile married women in grass-roots villages and communities.It is necessary to emphasize the regular antenatal examination in high-risk population of premature delivery and actively cure anemia,genital system infection during pregnant period and pregnant complications in order to avoid premature delivery.

关 键 词：分娩 过早 病因学 危险因素 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]