北京地区荷斯坦牛BLAD遗传缺陷基因的分子筛查  

Molecular Detection of Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (BLAD) in Holstein Cattle of Beijing

作　　者：李艳华[1] 朱玉林[1] 张胜利[2] 薛建华[1] 吕小青[1] 杜欣悦[1] 乔绿[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京奶牛中心,北京100192 [2]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2013年第1期17-20,共4页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：农业科技成果转化资金项目(2010GB2A000006);北京市科技计划项目(D121100003312003)

摘　　要：牛白细胞黏附缺陷症(BLAD)是由常染色体上CD18基因单碱基突变(A→G)引起的隐性遗传疾病,隐性基因纯合时导致白细胞表面的β2整合素表达明显减少或缺乏而引起临床发病,患病牛的主要特征是机体免疫力降低、易患病,从而影响生产性能的表现,可严重影响奶牛场的经济效益。本研究利用PCR-SSCP方法对北京地区246头公牛样本和409头母牛样本进行了检测分析,研究结果表明,在所检测的样本中,荷斯坦种公牛(含后备公牛)和母牛BLAD携带率分别为0.81%和3.91%,BLAD基因频率分别为0.21%和1.95%,并通过系谱追踪发现,BLAD遗传缺陷可追溯到美国一头非常优秀的公牛"Osborndale Ivanhoe"(USA.1189870,BL),其后代在我国有一定的影响。通过剔除BLAD携带者公牛可以有效控制该遗传缺陷的传播,但是,我国部分BLAD携带者公牛冻精依然在商业化使用,所以,有效监控BLAD携带者在奶牛群中的状况对BLAD剔除计划是有益的。Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency （BLAD） is an autosomal recessive disease caused by A→G mutation in the CD18 gene. The disease is characterized by greatly reduced expression of the heterodimeric β2 integrin adhesion molecules on leukocytes, resulting in multiple defects in leukocyte function and significant deficits on performance traits in Holstein cattle.ln this study, DNA samples from Holstein bulls （n=246） and cows （n=409） in Beijing district were detected by PCR-SSCP. BLAD-carrier rates in Holstein bulls and cows were 0.81% and 3.91%, and their gene frequencies were 0.21% and 1.95%, respectively. Our pedigree studies of the carrier cattle in this experiment revealed that the mutation inherited from Osborndale lvanhoe bull（USA. 1189870, BL）which have many progeny in China. Although the elimination of BLAD-carrier bulls from the Holstein would be the most efficient method to control this genetic disorder, many BLAD-carrier bulls are still listed commercially for AI in China. Monitoring the prevalence of BLAD-carriers in random selected herds may be helpful in judging the effectiveness of the BLAD-control program.

关 键 词：荷斯坦牛 BLAD 基因频率 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]